In Problems 21-26, use the transition matrix A B C P = A B C .2 .4 .4 .7 .2 .1 .5 .3 .2 to find S 1 and S 2 for the indicated initial state matrix S 0 . S 0 = .4 .3 .3
In Problems 21-26, use the transition matrix A B C P = A B C .2 .4 .4 .7 .2 .1 .5 .3 .2 to find S 1 and S 2 for the indicated initial state matrix S 0 . S 0 = .4 .3 .3
Solution Summary: The author calculates the first and second state matrices from the transition matrix l
Task number: A1.1, A1.7
Topic: Celestial Navigation, Compass - Magnetic and Gyro
Activ Determine compass error (magnetic and gyro) using azimuth choosing a suitable
celestial body (Sun/ Stars/ Planets/ Moon). Apply variation to find the deviation of the magnetic
compass.
Minimum number of times that activity should be recorded: 6 (2 each phase)
Sample calculation (Azimuth- Planets):
On 06th May 2006 at 22h20m 10s UTC, a vessel in position 48°00'N 050°00'E observed Mars bearing
327° by compass. Find the compass error. If variation was 4.0° East, calculate the deviation.
GHA Mars (06d 22h):
Increment (20m 10s):
089° 55.7'
005° 02.5'
v (0.9):
(+)
00.3'
GHA Mars:
094° 58.5'
Longitude (E):
(+) 050° 00.0' (plus- since longitude is easterly)
LHA Mars:
144° 58.5'
Declination (06d 22h):
d (0.2):
N 024° 18.6'
(-)
00.1'
Declination Mars:
N 024° 18.5'
P=144° 58.5' (If LHA<180°, P=LHA)
A Tan Latitude/ Tan P
A Tan 48° 00' Tan 144° 58.5'
A = 1.584646985 N (A is named opposite to latitude, except when…
Task number: A1.1, A1.7
Topic: Celestial Navigation, Compass - Magnetic and Gyro
Activ Determine compass error (magnetic and gyro) using azimuth choosing a suitable
celestial body (Sun/ Stars/ Planets/ Moon). Apply variation to find the deviation of the magnetic
compass.
Minimum number of times that activity should be recorded: 6 (2 each phase)
Sample calculation (Azimuth- Planets):
On 06th May 2006 at 22h20m 10s UTC, a vessel in position 48°00'N 050°00'E observed Mars bearing
327° by compass. Find the compass error. If variation was 4.0° East, calculate the deviation.
GHA Mars (06d 22h):
Increment (20m 10s):
089° 55.7'
005° 02.5'
v (0.9):
(+)
00.3'
GHA Mars:
094° 58.5'
Longitude (E):
(+) 050° 00.0' (plus- since longitude is easterly)
LHA Mars:
144° 58.5'
Declination (06d 22h):
d (0.2):
N 024° 18.6'
(-)
00.1'
Declination Mars:
N 024° 18.5'
P=144° 58.5' (If LHA<180°, P=LHA)
A Tan Latitude/ Tan P
A Tan 48° 00' Tan 144° 58.5'
A = 1.584646985 N (A is named opposite to latitude, except when…
Activ
Determine compass error using amplitude (Sun).
Minimum number of times that activity should be performed: 3 (1 each phase)
Sample calculation (Amplitude- Sun):
On 07th May 2006 at Sunset, a vessel in position 10°00'N 010°00'W observed the Sun bearing 288°
by compass. Find the compass error.
LMT Sunset:
LIT:
(+) 00d
07d 18h
00h
13m
40m
UTC Sunset:
07d
18h
53m
(added- since longitude is westerly)
Declination (07d 18h):
N 016° 55.5'
d (0.7):
(+)
00.6'
Declination Sun:
N 016° 56.1'
Sin Amplitude = Sin Declination/Cos Latitude
= Sin 016°56.1'/ Cos 10°00'
= 0.295780189
Amplitude=W17.2N
(The prefix of amplitude is named easterly if body is rising,
and westerly if body is setting. The suffix is named same
as declination)
True Bearing=287.2°
Compass Bearing= 288.0°
Compass Error = 0.8° West
Chapter 9 Solutions
Finite Mathematics for Business, Economics, Life Sciences and Social Sciences
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