Chemistry for Engineering Students
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781285199023
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.51PAE
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The term “formation reaction” has to be defined.
Concept introduction:
- Formation reaction is the reaction for the formation of exactly one mole of a substance from constituent elements in their standard states.
- These are the benchmark reactions if the enthalpy of these benchmark reactions are calculated, enthalpies of the other reactions which can be constructed from these benchmark reactions can also be calculated.
- Certain rules are followed for writing the formation reaction.
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In the video, we looked at the absorbance of a certain substance and how it varies
depending on what wavelength of light we are looking at. Below is a similar scan of a
different substance. What color BEST describes how this substance will appear?
Absorbance (AU)
Violet
Blue
Green
Orange
1.2
1.0-
0.8-
0.6-
0.4-
0.2
0.0
450
500
550
600
650
700
Wavelength (nm)
violet
indigo
blue
green
yellow orange
red
Red
O Cannot tell from this information
In the above graph, what causes -450 nm wavelength of light to have a higher
absorbance than light with a -550 nm wavelength? Check all that are true.
The distance the light travels is different
The different data points are for different substances
The concentration is different at different times in the experiment
Epsilon (molar absortivity) is different at different wavelengths
5. a. Data were collected for Trial 1 to determine the molar mass of a nonvolatile solid solute when dissolved in cyclo-
hexane. Complete the table for the analysis (See Report Sheet). Record calculated values with the correct number
of significant figures.
B. Freezing Point of Cyclohexane plus
Calculation Zone
Unknown Solute
2. Mass of cyclohexane (g)
10.14
Part C.4
3. Mass of added solute (g)
0.255
C. Calculations
1. k; for cyclohexane (°C⚫ kg/mol)
20.0
2. Freezing point change, AT, (°C)
3.04
Part C.6
3. Mass of cyclohexane in solution (kg)
4. Moles of solute, total (mol)
Show calculation.
5. Mass of solute in solution, total (g)
6. Molar mass of solute (g/mol)
Show calculation.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 9 - Explain the economic importance of conversions...Ch. 9 - • define work and beat using the standard sign...Ch. 9 - • define state functions and explain their...Ch. 9 - • state the first law of thermodynamics in words...Ch. 9 - • use calorimetric data to obtain values for E and...Ch. 9 - • define Hfo and write formation reactions for...Ch. 9 - • explain Hess’s law in your own words.Ch. 9 - • calculate H for chemical reactions from...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.1PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.2PAE
Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.4PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.5PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.6PAECh. 9 - Define the term internal energy.Ch. 9 - How fast (in meters per second) must an iron ball...Ch. 9 - What is the kinetic energy of a single molecule of...Ch. 9 - 9.10 The kinetic energy of molecules is often used...Ch. 9 - 9.11 Analyze the units of the quantity...Ch. 9 - 9.12 How many kilojoules are equal to 3.27 L atm...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.13PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.14PAECh. 9 - 9.15 Carry out the following conversions of energy...Ch. 9 - 9.16 According to Figure 9.2, the total energy...Ch. 9 - 9.17 If a machine does 4.8103kJ of work after an...Ch. 9 - 9.18 Calculate (a) q when a system does 54J of...Ch. 9 - 9.19 If the algebraic sign of E is negative, in...Ch. 9 - 9.20 State the first law of thermodynamics briefly...Ch. 9 - 9.21 Which type of energy heat or work, is valued...Ch. 9 - 9.12 PV-work occurs when volume changes and...Ch. 9 - 9.23 Which system does not work: (a) E=436J ,...Ch. 9 - 9.29 In which case is heat added to the system:...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.25PAECh. 9 - 9.26 Gas furnaces have achieved impressive...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.27PAECh. 9 - 9.28 When an electrical appliance whose power...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.29PAECh. 9 - 9.30 For the example of shallow water and sandy...Ch. 9 - 9.31 A metal radiator is made from 26.0 kg of...Ch. 9 - 9.32 The material typically used to heat metal...Ch. 9 - 9.33 Copper wires used to transport electrical...Ch. 9 - 9.34 A copper nail and an iron nail of the same...Ch. 9 - 9.35 A piece of titanium metal with a mass of 20.8...Ch. 9 - 9.36 Define the term calibration.Ch. 9 - 9.37 A calorimeter contained 75.0 g of water at...Ch. 9 - 9.38 The energy densities of various types of coal...Ch. 9 - 9.39 How much thermal energy is required to heat...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.40PAECh. 9 - 9.41 Under what conditions does the enthalpy...Ch. 9 - 9.42 Why is enthalpy generally more useful than...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.43PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.44PAECh. 9 - 9.45 What happens to the temperature of a material...Ch. 9 - 9.46 The heat of fusion of pure silicon is 43.4...Ch. 9 - 9.47 If 14.8 kJ of heat is given off when 1.6 g of...Ch. 9 - 9.48 Calculate the energy required to convert 1.70...Ch. 9 - 9.49 Hvap=31.3 kJ/mol for acetone. If 1.40 kg of...Ch. 9 - 9.50 When a 13.0-g sample of NaOH(s) dissolves in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.51PAECh. 9 - 9.52 Write the formation reaction for each of the...Ch. 9 - Explain why each of the following chemical...Ch. 9 - Which of the following are state functions? (a)...Ch. 9 - 9.53 Using these reactions, find the standard...Ch. 9 - 9.54 The phase change between graphite and diamond...Ch. 9 - 9.55 Hydrogen gas will react with either acetylene...Ch. 9 - 9.56 Using heats of formation tabulated in...Ch. 9 - 9.57 The heat of combustion of butane is —2877...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.60PAECh. 9 - When a reaction is exothermic, is the sum of bond...Ch. 9 - 9.58 For the reaction C2H2(g)+2H2(g)C2H6,H=136 kJ....Ch. 9 - 9.59 For the reaction N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g),H=180.5kJ...Ch. 9 - 9.60 Nitroglycenne, C3H5(NO3)3( l ), is an...Ch. 9 - 9.61 Silane, SiH4, burns according to the...Ch. 9 - 9.62 Sulfur trioxide can be removed from the...Ch. 9 - 9.63 Reactions of hydrocarhons are often studied...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.68PAECh. 9 - 9.65 When 0.0157 g of a compound with a heat of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.70PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.71PAECh. 9 - 9.68 What are some features of petroleum that make...Ch. 9 - 9.69 How are the roles of transmission substations...Ch. 9 - 9.70 Residential electric service in the United...Ch. 9 - 9.71 In recent years, the notion of a “smart grid”...Ch. 9 - 9.72 Although it can be a nuisance when a laptop...Ch. 9 - 9.85 The figure below shows a "self-cooling"...Ch. 9 - 9.86 You make some iced tea by dropping 134 g of...Ch. 9 - A student performing a calorimetry experiment...Ch. 9 - The specific heat of gold is 0.13 J g-1K-1, and...Ch. 9 - 9.87 What will be the final temperature of a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.82PAECh. 9 - 9.89 A sample of gas is 80.0% CH4 and 20.0% C2H6...Ch. 9 - 9.90 Many engineering designs must incorporate...Ch. 9 - 9.91 You want to heat the air in your house with...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.86PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.87PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.88PAECh. 9 - 9.95 How much heat is required to convert 250 g of...Ch. 9 - 9.96 Most first aid "cold packs" are based on the...Ch. 9 - 9.97 Suppose that the working fluid inside an...Ch. 9 - 9.98 Hydrogen combines with oxygen in fuel cells...Ch. 9 - 9.99 The chemical reaction...Ch. 9 - 9.100 Two baking sheets are made of different...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.95PAECh. 9 - 9.102 A runner generates 418 kJ of energy per...Ch. 9 - 9.103 One reason why the energy density of a fuel...Ch. 9 - 9.104 An engineer is using sodium metal as a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.99PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.100PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.101PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.102PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.103PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.104PAE
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