Chapter 9, Problem 9.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The time of initiation of solidification needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Time requires to solidify the metal is known as solidification time.

Solidification starts at recalescence region in the cooling curve for pure metal.

Rate of solidification = d = $k_{\text{solidification}}\sqrt{t}-c_1$

Here,

  $\begin{array}{l}d=\text{thickness of casting}\hfill \\ k_{\text{solidification}}=\text{constant of casting and mold}\hfill \\ t=\text{pouring time}\hfill \\ c_1=\text{constant of pouring temperature}\hfill \end{array}$

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The completion time of solidification for casting needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Solidification is a process of forming crystals from molten metal.

It is also called isothermal solidification.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Areason for having a change in completion of solidification time needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Solidification is a process of forming crystals from molten metal. It is also called isothermal solidification.The time required to convert molten metal into crystals in known as solidification time.