The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H 2 . Introduction: Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1. Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of Concentration Add reactant Right Product Remove reactant Left Reactant Add product Left Reactant Remove product Right Product Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product Table 1

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.25PP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of heat.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of HCl.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of Cl2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.25PP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of heat.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of HCl.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of Cl2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.25PP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of heat.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of HCl.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of Cl2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.25PP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of heat.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of HCl.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of Cl2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 9.25PP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of heat.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of HCl.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of Cl2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 9.25PP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 9.25PP

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of H2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 8

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of heat.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 9

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the addition of heat.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 10

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of HCl.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 11

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of HCl.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 12

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of Cl2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 13

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The effect on the given equilibrium reaction by the removal of Cl2.

Introduction:

Equilibrium is a stage of reaction where concentration of reactants and products species are equal. Any type of stress/changes made on equilibrium reaction by some parameter (concentration, temperature/heat) is well defined by Le-Chatelier’s principle. The effect on equilibrium reaction by any type of stress/changes made by some parameter are given in Table 1.

Parameter Change/stress Reaction Shifts Toward More Formation of

Concentration Add reactant Right Product

Remove reactant Left Reactant

Add product Left Reactant

Remove product Right Product

Temperature Raise temperature of endothermic reaction Right Product

Lower temperature of endothermic reaction Left Reactant

Raise temperature of exothermic reaction Left Reactant

Lower temperature of exothermic reaction Right Product

Table 1

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.1PP Ch. 9 - Indicate if each of the following statements is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.4PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5PP Ch. 9 - In each of the following equations, identify the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.7PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.8PP Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.9PP Ch. 9 - Which of the following are strong bases? a....

Solution Summary: The author explains Le-Chatelier's principle in an equilibrium reaction, wherein addition of reactants leads to increase in concentration. This increases the chances of more collisions between reactant molecules.

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Chapter 9 Solutions

Parameter	Change/stress	Reaction Shifts Toward	More Formation of
Concentration	Add reactant	Right	Product
	Remove reactant	Left	Reactant
	Add product	Left	Reactant
	Remove product	Right	Product
Temperature	Raise temperature of endothermic reaction	Right	Product
	Lower temperature of endothermic reaction	Left	Reactant
	Raise temperature of exothermic reaction	Left	Reactant
	Lower temperature of exothermic reaction	Right	Product