Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?

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Answer 1

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Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ

Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?

Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ, Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To write:

The enzyme which is most likely mutated when joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired in the replication.

Introduction:

DNA replication is the process in which the copy of DNA is made. This is done in 3 steps in a eukaryotic cell. They are initiation, elongation, and termination. It is a semiconservative type of replication. Enzymes involved in this process are helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Explanation of Solution

DNA replication is started at the origin of replication where a Y shaped fork known as replication is formed when both strands are separated by helicase enzyme. Both the strands of DNA act as a template. One strand is known as a leading strand at which replication is continuous and other strand is known as a lagging strand at which replication occurs in fragments. This is because DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in 5' to 3' direction. These fragments are known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments at the lagging strands are then sealed by the enzyme DNA ligase. The joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired when the DNA ligase is not able to join the strands. This can occur due to the mutation in enzyme DNA ligase.

Conclusion

When joining of DNA fragments on the lagging strand is impaired in DNA replication, the mutation is most likely to occur in DNA ligase as it is an important enzyme which joins the strands.

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A conditional mutation expresses its mutant phenotype only under certain conditions (the restrictive conditions) and expresses the normal phenotype under other conditions (the permissive conditions). One type of conditional mutation is a temperature-sensitive mutation, which expresses the mutant phenotype only at certain temperatures. Strains of E. coli have been isolated that contain temperature-sensitive mutations in the genes encoding different components of the replication machinery. In each of these strains, the protein produced by the mutated gene is non-functional under the restrictive conditions. These strains are grown under permissive conditions and then abruptly switched to the restrictive condition. After one round of replication under the restrictive condition, the DNA from each strain is isolated and analysed. What characteristics would you expect to see in the DNA isolated from each strain with a temperature-sensitive mutation in its gene that encodes a) DNA…

Shown below is a drawing showing the result of an experiment in which an RNA molecule is allowed to mix with genomic DNA that has been denatured by boiling, and the two molecules are allowed to hybridize. The DNA strand is presumed to be the lighter-shaded one on the top. Note that only one strand of DNA is shown. This result was the first evidence for which of the following processes? a Replication b Transcription c Translation d Splicing

A conditional mutation expresses its mutant phenotype only under certain conditions (the restrictive conditions) and expresses the normal phenotype under other conditions (the permissive conditions). One type of conditional mutation is a temperature-sensitive mutation, which expresses the mutant phenotype only at certain temperatures. Strains of E. coli have been isolated that contain temperature-sensitive mutations in genes encoding different components of the replication machinery. In each of these strains, the protein produced by the mutated gene is nonfunctional under the restrictive conditions. You grow these strains under the permissive conditions and then abruptly switch them to the restrictive conditions. After one round of replication under therestrictive conditions, you isolate DNA from each strain and analyze it. What characteristics would you expect to see in the DNA isolated from a strain with a temperature-sensitive mutation in the gene that encodes the following…

Answer 2

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Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ

Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?

Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ, Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To write:

The enzyme which is most likely mutated when joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired in the replication.

Introduction:

DNA replication is the process in which the copy of DNA is made. This is done in 3 steps in a eukaryotic cell. They are initiation, elongation, and termination. It is a semiconservative type of replication. Enzymes involved in this process are helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Explanation of Solution

DNA replication is started at the origin of replication where a Y shaped fork known as replication is formed when both strands are separated by helicase enzyme. Both the strands of DNA act as a template. One strand is known as a leading strand at which replication is continuous and other strand is known as a lagging strand at which replication occurs in fragments. This is because DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in 5' to 3' direction. These fragments are known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments at the lagging strands are then sealed by the enzyme DNA ligase. The joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired when the DNA ligase is not able to join the strands. This can occur due to the mutation in enzyme DNA ligase.

Conclusion

When joining of DNA fragments on the lagging strand is impaired in DNA replication, the mutation is most likely to occur in DNA ligase as it is an important enzyme which joins the strands.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

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Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ

Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?

Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ, Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To write:

The enzyme which is most likely mutated when joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired in the replication.

Introduction:

DNA replication is the process in which the copy of DNA is made. This is done in 3 steps in a eukaryotic cell. They are initiation, elongation, and termination. It is a semiconservative type of replication. Enzymes involved in this process are helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Explanation of Solution

DNA replication is started at the origin of replication where a Y shaped fork known as replication is formed when both strands are separated by helicase enzyme. Both the strands of DNA act as a template. One strand is known as a leading strand at which replication is continuous and other strand is known as a lagging strand at which replication occurs in fragments. This is because DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in 5' to 3' direction. These fragments are known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments at the lagging strands are then sealed by the enzyme DNA ligase. The joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired when the DNA ligase is not able to join the strands. This can occur due to the mutation in enzyme DNA ligase.

Conclusion

When joining of DNA fragments on the lagging strand is impaired in DNA replication, the mutation is most likely to occur in DNA ligase as it is an important enzyme which joins the strands.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

100%

Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ

Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?

Chapter 9, Problem 1ACQ, Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To write:

The enzyme which is most likely mutated when joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired in the replication.

Introduction:

DNA replication is the process in which the copy of DNA is made. This is done in 3 steps in a eukaryotic cell. They are initiation, elongation, and termination. It is a semiconservative type of replication. Enzymes involved in this process are helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Explanation of Solution

DNA replication is started at the origin of replication where a Y shaped fork known as replication is formed when both strands are separated by helicase enzyme. Both the strands of DNA act as a template. One strand is known as a leading strand at which replication is continuous and other strand is known as a lagging strand at which replication occurs in fragments. This is because DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in 5' to 3' direction. These fragments are known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments at the lagging strands are then sealed by the enzyme DNA ligase. The joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired when the DNA ligase is not able to join the strands. This can occur due to the mutation in enzyme DNA ligase.

Conclusion

When joining of DNA fragments on the lagging strand is impaired in DNA replication, the mutation is most likely to occur in DNA ligase as it is an important enzyme which joins the strands.

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Answer 5

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Answer 6

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Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To write:

The enzyme which is most likely mutated when joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired in the replication.

Introduction:

DNA replication is the process in which the copy of DNA is made. This is done in 3 steps in a eukaryotic cell. They are initiation, elongation, and termination. It is a semiconservative type of replication. Enzymes involved in this process are helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Explanation of Solution

DNA replication is started at the origin of replication where a Y shaped fork known as replication is formed when both strands are separated by helicase enzyme. Both the strands of DNA act as a template. One strand is known as a leading strand at which replication is continuous and other strand is known as a lagging strand at which replication occurs in fragments. This is because DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in 5' to 3' direction. These fragments are known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments at the lagging strands are then sealed by the enzyme DNA ligase. The joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired when the DNA ligase is not able to join the strands. This can occur due to the mutation in enzyme DNA ligase.

Conclusion

When joining of DNA fragments on the lagging strand is impaired in DNA replication, the mutation is most likely to occur in DNA ligase as it is an important enzyme which joins the strands.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To write:

The enzyme which is most likely mutated when joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired in the replication.

Introduction:

DNA replication is the process in which the copy of DNA is made. This is done in 3 steps in a eukaryotic cell. They are initiation, elongation, and termination. It is a semiconservative type of replication. Enzymes involved in this process are helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Explanation of Solution

DNA replication is started at the origin of replication where a Y shaped fork known as replication is formed when both strands are separated by helicase enzyme. Both the strands of DNA act as a template. One strand is known as a leading strand at which replication is continuous and other strand is known as a lagging strand at which replication occurs in fragments. This is because DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in 5' to 3' direction. These fragments are known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments at the lagging strands are then sealed by the enzyme DNA ligase. The joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired when the DNA ligase is not able to join the strands. This can occur due to the mutation in enzyme DNA ligase.

Conclusion

When joining of DNA fragments on the lagging strand is impaired in DNA replication, the mutation is most likely to occur in DNA ligase as it is an important enzyme which joins the strands.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To write:

The enzyme which is most likely mutated when joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired in the replication.

Introduction:

DNA replication is the process in which the copy of DNA is made. This is done in 3 steps in a eukaryotic cell. They are initiation, elongation, and termination. It is a semiconservative type of replication. Enzymes involved in this process are helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

DNA replication is started at the origin of replication where a Y shaped fork known as replication is formed when both strands are separated by helicase enzyme. Both the strands of DNA act as a template. One strand is known as a leading strand at which replication is continuous and other strand is known as a lagging strand at which replication occurs in fragments. This is because DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA only in 5' to 3' direction. These fragments are known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments at the lagging strands are then sealed by the enzyme DNA ligase. The joining of Okazaki fragments is impaired when the DNA ligase is not able to join the strands. This can occur due to the mutation in enzyme DNA ligase.

Answer 13

Conclusion

When joining of DNA fragments on the lagging strand is impaired in DNA replication, the mutation is most likely to occur in DNA ligase as it is an important enzyme which joins the strands.

Answer 14

Ch. 9 - Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the...Ch. 9 - Which of the following does cytosine pair with? a....Ch. 9 - Prokaryotes contain a ______ chromosome, and...Ch. 9 - DNA replicates by which of the following models?...Ch. 9 - The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide...Ch. 9 - A promoter is ______. a. a specific sequence of...Ch. 9 - Portions of eukaryotic mRNA sequence that are...Ch. 9 - The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in...Ch. 9 - How long would the peptide be that is translated...Ch. 9 - Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells...

Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?

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