Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781259277368
Author: David N. Shier Dr., Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8.6, Problem 25P
Summary Introduction
To indicate: The characteristic of cardiac muscle that contracts the heart as a unit.
Introduction: Cardiac muscle is present only in the heart and its constriction mechanism is same as that of the smooth muscle and skeletal muscle. Intercalated disc is characterized by the formation of unique structures (junction), which is located between the myocardial cells of the heart.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 8 Solutions
Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 8.1 - List various outcomes of muscle actions.
Ch. 8.2 - Identify the structures that make up a skeletal...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 3LCh. 8.2 - Prob. 4LCh. 8.2 - Describe how connective tissue is part of a...Ch. 8.2 - Describe the general structure of a skeletal...Ch. 8.2 - Explain why skeletal muscle fibers appear...Ch. 8.2 - Explain the relationship between the sarcoplasmic...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 1QCh. 8.2 - Which two structures approach each other at a...
Ch. 8.2 - Describe a motor end plate.
Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 7PCh. 8.3 - Identify the major events of skeletal muscle fiber...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 6LCh. 8.3 - Prob. 7LCh. 8.3 - Describe how a muscle may become fatigued.
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1QCh. 8.3 - Explain how an impulse on a motor neuron can...Ch. 8.3 - Explain how the filaments of a myofibril interact...Ch. 8.3 - Which chemicals provide the energy to regenerate...Ch. 8.3 - What are the sources of oxygen for aerobic...Ch. 8.3 - How are lactic acid and oxygen debt related?
Ch. 8.3 - What is the relationship between cellular...Ch. 8.4 - Distinguish among a twitch, recruitment, and a...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 10LCh. 8.4 - Define threshold stimulus.
Ch. 8.4 - What is a motor unit?
Ch. 8.4 -
Distinguish between a twitch and a sustained...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 17PCh. 8.4 - Prob. 18PCh. 8.5 - Prob. 11LCh. 8.5 - Prob. 12LCh. 8.5 - Prob. 19PCh. 8.5 - Prob. 20PCh. 8.5 - Prob. 21PCh. 8.6 - Compare the contraction mechanisms of cardiac and...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 22PCh. 8.6 - Prob. 23PCh. 8.6 - Prob. 24PCh. 8.6 - Prob. 25PCh. 8.7 - Prob. 14LCh. 8.7 - Prob. 26PCh. 8.7 - Prob. 27PCh. 8.7 - Prob. 28PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 15LCh. 8.8 - Prob. 16LCh. 8.8 - Prob. 29PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 30PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - Prob. 1CACh. 8 - Prob. 2CACh. 8 - Prob. 3CACh. 8 - Prob. 4CACh. 8 - Prob. 5CACh. 8 - Prob. 6CACh. 8 - Prob. 7CACh. 8 - Prob. 8CACh. 8 - Prob. 9CACh. 8 - Prob. 10CACh. 8 - Prob. 11CACh. 8 - Prob. 12CACh. 8 - Prob. 13CACh. 8 - Prob. 14CACh. 8 - Define motor unit.
Ch. 8 - Prob. 16CACh. 8 - Prob. 17CACh. 8 - Prob. 18CACh. 8 - Prob. 19CACh. 8 - Prob. 20CACh. 8 - Prob. 21CACh. 8 - Prob. 22CACh. 8 - Prob. 23CACh. 8 - Match the muscles to their descriptions and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25CACh. 8 - Prob. 1IACTCh. 8 - Prob. 2IACTCh. 8 - Prob. 3IACTCh. 8 - Prob. 4IACTCh. 8 - Prob. 5IACT
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