About the feedback inhibition and the mechanism by which the figure 1 fits into the systems diagram, shown in figure 2. Given: The feedback inhibition mechanism of a metabolic pathway is represented in the form of a diagram as follows: The systems diagram representing different pathways and their intersections is represented in figure 2. A metabolic pathway catalyzed by an enzyme is represented by each line. Each node represents a metabolite (small molecule). Several metabolic pathways and metabolites intersect and overlap each other. Figure 2: A systems diagram representing complex interactions of several metabolic pathways, their points or intersection and overlap, which takes place inside the human body. Introduction: A feedback is the mechanism utilized by the end product of a reaction sends feedback about the continuity of reaction. It is the mechanism by which hormone in the blood/body is maintained. The mechanism can be positive or negative. The positive feedback mechanism consists of cycles when end product of a reaction sends feedback about continuity of reaction. For example, release of oxytocin hormone during childbirth. The negative feedback mechanism consists of cycles when end product of a reaction sends feedback about inhibition of reaction. For example, in case of insulin, hormone is used in regulation of glucose.

Question

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics:Two-Compartment Model Instant Absorption Questions SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution, report your regression lines and axes names (with units if appropriate) :Calculate a-q a) B1, b) B2, c) hybrid rate constant (1) d) hybrid rate constant (2) e) t1/2,dist f) t1/2,elim g) k10 h) k12 i) k21 j) initial concentration (C0) k) central compartment volume (V1) l) steady-state volume (Vss) m) clearance (CL) AUC (0→10 min) using trapezoidal rule n) AUC (20→30 min) using trapezoidal rule o) AUCtail (AUC360→∞) p) total AUC (using short cut method) q) volume from AUC (VAUC)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8.5, Problem 1R

Summary Introduction

To review:

About the feedback inhibition and the mechanism by which the figure 1 fits into the systems diagram, shown in figure 2.

Given:

The feedback inhibition mechanism of a metabolic pathway is represented in the form of a diagram as follows:

The systems diagram representing different pathways and their intersections is represented in figure 2.

A metabolic pathway catalyzed by an enzyme is represented by each line.

Each node represents a metabolite (small molecule).

Several metabolic pathways and metabolites intersect and overlap each other.

Figure 2: A systems diagram representing complex interactions of several metabolic pathways, their points or intersection and overlap, which takes place inside the human body.

Introduction:

A feedback is the mechanism utilized by the end product of a reaction sends feedback about the continuity of reaction. It is the mechanism by which hormone in the blood/body is maintained. The mechanism can be positive or negative. The positive feedback mechanism consists of cycles when end product of a reaction sends feedback about continuity of reaction. For example, release of oxytocin hormone during childbirth. The negative feedback mechanism consists of cycles when end product of a reaction sends feedback about inhibition of reaction. For example, in case of insulin, hormone is used in regulation of glucose.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics:Two-Compartment Model Instant Absorption Questions SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution, report your regression lines and axes names (with units if appropriate) :Calculate a-q a) B1, b) B2, c) hybrid rate constant (1) d) hybrid rate constant (2) e) t1/2,dist f) t1/2,elim g) k10 h) k12 i) k21 j) initial concentration (C0) k) central compartment volume (V1) l) steady-state volume (Vss) m) clearance (CL) AUC (0→10 min) using trapezoidal rule n) AUC (20→30 min) using trapezoidal rule o) AUCtail (AUC360→∞) p) total AUC (using short cut method) q) volume from AUC (VAUC)

Glitazones reduce insulin resistance by binding to a transcription factor in adipocytes, thereby reducing thesecretion of fatty acids. Glitazones are taken orally (in pill form). Using pharmacokinetic modeling, deriveequations to describe how the concentration of glitazones varies in the plasma as a function of time. Yourequations should be of the form: dCglitazone /dt = something, or dMglitazone /dt = something. Your model shouldinclude three compartments: the gut, the plasma, and the fatty tissues. Make sure to include a diagram thatillustrates your thinking, state all assumptions, and define your variables. Do not solve the equations.

Case Study—Ella Review the case study and then answer Parts A through F. Ella has a family history of diabetes. She wants to follow a healthful eating pattern that can lower her risk for developing this condition. Her dietitian recommends a goal of 450 to 600 kcal per meal and advises Ella to follow the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020, which recommend limiting added sugar. She also recommends that Ella choose whole grains rather than processed grains. Ella decides to pack a lunch to take to work every day. This morning she’s making a sandwich for her lunch. Categories of Sandwich Options (Top of the screen) Breads Spreads Cheeses Vegetables Proteins Specific food items to select White Bread 6-inches Honey Mustard Provolone LettuceTomatoBell Peppers Turkey Part A - Reading Nutrition Facts Panels for Total Kilocalories How many total kilocalories are in Ella’s sandwich? _____…