Chapter 8, Problem 8B.4ST

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ground state electronic configuration of ${\text{Cu}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion has to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Aufbau principle:

• Electrons first occupy orbitals with lower energy than higher energy.
• An orbital can be occupied only by two electrons having opposite spins.
• Each electron fills each orbital till it is half filled.  Greater the number of parallel spins of electrons more stable the orbital. This is known as Hund’s rule.
• The order of electrons filling in an atom is given as

Figure 1

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ground state electronic configuration of ${\text{S}}^{\text{2-}}$ ion has to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Aufbau principle:

• Electrons first occupy orbitals with lower energy than higher energy.
• An orbital can be occupied only by two electrons having opposite spins.
• Each electron fills each orbital till it is half filled. Greater the number of parallel spins of electrons more stable the orbital.  This is known as Hund’s rule.
• The order of electrons filling in an atom is given as

Figure 1