
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The change in energy of the reaction
Concept Introduction:
First ionization energy: The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.
Second ionization energy: The minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a unipositive gaseous ion to form a dipositive ion in the ground state is known as second ionization energy.
(a)

Answer to Problem 8.98QP
The change in energy of the given reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The reaction is given below:
Here, two electrons are removed from
Hence the change in energy for the given reaction is the sum of first and second ionization energy of
Therefore,
The change in energy can be given as:
The change in energy of the given reaction is
(b)
Interpretation: The change in energy of the reaction
Concept Introduction:
First ionization energy: The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.
Second ionization energy: The minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a unipositive gaseous ion to form a dipositive ion in the ground state is known as second ionization energy.
Third ionization energy: The minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a dipositive gaseous ion to form a tripositive ion in the ground state is known as third ionization energy.
First electron Affinity: It is energy change taking place when one electron is added to an atom which is neutral in its gaseous state forming an anion with one negative charge.
Second electron Affinity: It is energy change taking place when one electron is added to an anion having a negative charge in its gaseous state forming an anion with two negative charges.
(b)

Answer to Problem 8.98QP
The change in energy of the given reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The reaction is given below:
Here, three electrons are removed from
Hence the change in energy for the given reaction is the sum of first, second and ionization energy of
The first, second and ionization energy of
The first and second electron affinity of
The change in energy of the given reaction can be calculated as:
The change in energy of the given reaction is
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Chapter 8 Solutions
General Chemistry
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