Chapter 8, Problem 8.48P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of ${\text{(Br)(NH}}_{\text{2}}\text{)CH(COOH)}$ has to be reported.

Concept Introduction:

Isomers:

The molecules which have the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atom are called as isomers.  There are two types of isomers,

• Structural isomers,
• Stereo isomers.

Stereo isomers:

Stereo isomers are the isomers that have same molecular formula but differ in spatial arrangement of atoms.  Stereo isomers can be sub divided into two groups,

• Optical isomers
• Geometric isomers

Optical isomers:

Optical isomers are the mirror image of a molecule and they can be rotated by plane polarized light.

Conditions for optical activity,

• Molecule should possess asymmetric central atom (chiral atom).
• There should be no plane of symmetry or axis.
• Molecule should have non-super imposable mirror image.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ has to be reported.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of ${\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{)}{}_{\text{2}}{\text{Si(Cl}}_{\text{2}}\text{)}$ has to reported.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of $\text{(F)(Cl)CH(Br)}$ has to reported.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).