Chapter 8, Problem 8.47P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{Cl}$ has to be reported.

Concept Introduction:

Isomers:

The molecules which have the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atom are called as isomers.  There are two types of isomers,

• Structural isomers
• Stereo isomers

Stereo isomers:

Stereo isomers are the isomers that have same molecular formula but differ in spatial arrangement of atoms.  Stereo isomers can be sub divided into two groups,

• (a). Optical isomers
• (b). Geometric isomers

Optical isomers:

Optical isomers are the mirror image of a molecule and they can be rotated by plane polarized light.

Conditions for optical activity,

• Molecule should possess asymmetric central atom (chiral atom).
• There should be no plane of symmetry or axis.
• Molecule should have non-super imposable mirror image.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of ${\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{)Si(CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{)(Br)(Cl)}$ has to be reported.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of $\text{(Cl)(Br)CH(COOH)}$ has to be reported.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The optical activity of ${\text{(NH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{)(Br)CH(CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{)}$ has to be reported.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).