
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The bond polarity of
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR theory:
The key postulate of the theory is that the shape of a molecule is determined by minimizing the mutual repulsion of the electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom.
The steric number is a sum of the number of ligands and lone pairs surrounding the central atom.
where m is the number of ligands and n is the number of lone pairs.
Polarity:
Polarity results from the uneven partial charge distribution between various atoms in a compound. Atoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and halogens that are more electronegative have a tendency to have partial negative charges. Atoms, such as carbon and hydrogen, have a tendency to be more neutral or have partial positive charges.
Polar nature of the molecules can be measured by the dipole moment. If a molecule has zero dipole moment then it is a non polar molecule. If a molecule has a net dipole moment then it is a polar molecule
(b)
Interpretation:
The bond polarity of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The bond polarity of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(d)
Interpretation:
The bond polarity of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).

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Chapter 8 Solutions
General Chemistry
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