Chapter 8, Problem 8.30P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The partial(valence-level) orbital diagram and the condensed ground-state electron configuration for $\text{Ga}$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The partial orbital diagram is the one that shows the distribution of valence electrons only.

The condensed electronic configuration is a way to write the electronic configuration where the inner shell configurations are compressed to the nearest noble gas configuration and only the valence shell configuration is written in the expanded form.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The partial(valence-level) orbital diagram and the condensed ground-state electron configuration for $\text{Zn}$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The partial orbital diagram is the one that shows the distribution of valence electrons only.

The condensed electronic configuration is a way to write the electronic configuration where the inner shell configurations are compressed to the nearest noble gas configuration and only the valence shell configuration is written in the expanded form.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The partial(valence-level) orbital diagram and the condensed ground-state electron configuration for $\text{Sc}$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The partial orbital diagram is the one that shows the distribution of valence electrons only.

The condensed electronic configuration is a way to write the electronic configuration where the inner shell configurations are compressed to the nearest noble gas configuration and only the valence shell configuration is written in the expanded form.