The blocks of elements for which the outer electrons are the same as valence electrons is to be determined. Also, the elements for which d electrons are often included among the valence electrons are to be determined. Concept introduction: The valence electrons are the electrons that are present in the outermost shell or higher energy level of an atom. They participate in the chemical bonding and also determine the chemical properties of the atom. The periodic table is divided into four blocks: s block, p block, d block, f block.

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Chapter 8, Problem 8.19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The blocks of elements for which the outer electrons are the same as valence electrons is to be determined. Also, the elements for which d electrons are often included among the valence electrons are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The valence electrons are the electrons that are present in the outermost shell or higher energy level of an atom. They participate in the chemical bonding and also determine the chemical properties of the atom.

The periodic table is divided into four blocks: s block, p block, d block, f block.

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