Bacterial digestion is an economical method of sewage treatment. The reaction is an intermediate step in the conversion of the nitrogen in organic compounds into nitrate ions. What mass of bacterial tissue is produced in a treatment plant for every 1.0 104 kg of wastewater containing 3.0% NH4+ ions by mass? Assume that 95% of the ammonium ions are consumed by the bacteria.

Calcium carbonate forms carbon dioxide and calcium oxide when it is heated above 900 °C in a limekiln. When heated to 1000 °C in a laboratory, 4.31 g calcium carbonate produces 2.40 g calcium oxide and 1.90 g carbon dioxide. Outline a method similar to combustion analysis by which you could determine the empirical formula for calcium carbonate from these data. Carry out the determination.

The aspirin substitute, acetaminophen (C8H9O2N), is produced by the following three-step synthesis: I.C6H5O3(s)+3H2(g)+HCl(aq)C6H8ONCl(s)+2H2O(l)II.C6H8ONCl(s)+NaOH(aq)C6H7ON(s)+H2O(l)+Nacl(aq)III.C6H7ON(s)+C4H6O3(l)C8H9O2N(s)+HC2H3O2(l) The first two reactions have percent yields of 87% and 98% by mass, respectively. The overall reaction yields 3 moles of acetaminophen product for every 4 moles of C6H5O3N reacted. a. What is the percent yield by mass for the overall process? b. What is the percent yield by mass of Step III?

The reaction of methane and water is one way to prepare hydrogen for use as a fuel: CH4(g) + H2O(g) CO(g) + 3 H2(g) If this reaction has a 37% yield under certain conditions, what mass of CH4 is required to produce 15 g of H2?

The space shuttle environmental control system handles excess CO2 (which the astronauts breathe out; it is 4.0% by mass of exhaled air) by reacting it with lithium hydroxide, LiOH, pellets to form lithium carbonate, Li2CO3, and water. If there are seven astronauts on board the shuttle, and each exhales 20. L of air pee minute, how long could clean air be generated if there were 25,000 g of LiOH pellets available for each shuttle mission? Assume the density of air is 0.0010 g/mL.

(a) Butane gas, C4H10, can burn completely in air [use O2(g) as the other reactant] to give carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. Write a balanced equation for this combustion reaction. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of C3H7BO3, a gasoline additive. The products of combustion are CO2(g), H2O(g), and B2O3(s).

A reaction of 43.1 g CS2 with excess Cl2 yields 45.2 g CCl4 and 41.3 g S2Cl2. What is the percent yield of each product?

You take 1.00 g of an aspirin tablet (a compound consisting solely of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen), burn it in air, and collect 2.20 g CO2 and 0.400 g H2O. You know that the molar mass of aspirin is between 170 and 190 g/mol. Reacting 1 mole of salicylic acid with I mole of acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) gives you 1 mole of aspirin and 1 mole of acetic acid (C2H4O2). Use this information to determine the molecular formula of salicylic acid.

Nitric acid is produced commercially by the Ostwald process, represented by the following equations: 4NH3(g)+5O24NO(g)+6H2O(g)2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)3NO2(g)+H2O(l)2HNO3(aq)+NO(g) What mass of NH3 must be used to produce 1.0 106 kg HNO3 by the Ostwald process? Assume 100% yield in each reaction, and assume that the NO produced in the third step is not recycled.