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Fundamentals of Physics Extended
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781118230725
Author: David Halliday, Robert Resnick, Jearl Walker
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 45P
SSM A rope is used to pull a 3.57 kg block at constant speed 4.06 m along a horizontal floor. The force on the block from the rope is 7.68 N and directed 15.0° above the horizontal. What are (a) the work done by the rope’s force, (b) the increase in thermal energy of the block–floor system, and (c) the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and floor?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
■ Review | Constants
A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol
of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas).
Part A
The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in
temperature.
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AT =
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Part B
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Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while
remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Fundamentals of Physics Extended
Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-18, a horizontally moving block can take...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-19 gives the potential energy function of...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-20 shows one direct path and four...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-21, a small, initially stationary block...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-22, a block slides from A to C along a...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-23a, you pull upward on a rope that is...Ch. 8 - The arrangement shown in Fig. 8-24 is similar to...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-25, a block slides along a track that...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-26 shows three situations involving a...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-27 shows three plums that are launched...
Ch. 8 - When a particle moves from f to i and from j to i...Ch. 8 - SSM What is the spring constant of a spring that...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-29, a single frictionless roller-coaster...Ch. 8 - You drop a 2.00 kg book to a friend who stands on...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-31 shows a ball with mass m = 0.341 kg...Ch. 8 - SSM In Fig. 8-32, a 2.00 g ice flake is released...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-33, a small block of mass m = 0.032 kg...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-34 shows a thin rod, of length L = 2.00 m...Ch. 8 - A 1.50 kg snowball is fired from a cliff 12.5 m...Ch. 8 - GO In Problem 2, what is the speed of the car at a...Ch. 8 - a In Problem 3, what is the speed of the book when...Ch. 8 - SSM WWW a In Problem 5, what is the speed of the...Ch. 8 - a In Problem 8, using energy techniques rather...Ch. 8 - SSM A 5.0 g marble is fired vertically upward...Ch. 8 - a In Problem 4, what initial speed must be given...Ch. 8 - SSM In Fig. 8-35, a runaway truck with failed...Ch. 8 - A 700 g block is released from rest at height h0...Ch. 8 - In Problem 6, what are the magnitudes of a the...Ch. 8 - a In Problem 7, what is the speed of the ball at...Ch. 8 - GO Figure 8-36 shows an 8.00 kg stone at rest on a...Ch. 8 - GO A pendulum consists of a 2.0 kg stone swinging...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-34 shows a pendulum of length L = 1.25 m....Ch. 8 - A 60 kg skier starts from rest at height H = 20 m...Ch. 8 - ILW The string in Fig. 8-38 is L = 120 cm long,...Ch. 8 - A block of mass m = 2.0 kg is dropped from height...Ch. 8 - At t = 0 a 1.0 kg ball is thrown from a tall tower...Ch. 8 - A conservative force F=(6.0x12)i N, where x is in...Ch. 8 - Tarzan, who weighs 688 N, swings from a cliff at...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-41a applies to the spring in a cork gun...Ch. 8 - SSM WWW In Fig. 8-42, a block of mass m = 12 kg is...Ch. 8 - GO A 2.0 kg breadbox on a frictionless incline of...Ch. 8 - ILW A block with mass m = 2.00 kg is placed...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-45, a chain is held on a frictionless...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-46, a spring with k = 170 N/m is at...Ch. 8 - GO A boy is initially seated on the top of a...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-42, a block of mass m = 3.20 kg...Ch. 8 - GO Two children are playing a game in which they...Ch. 8 - A uniform cord of length 25 cm and mass 15 g is...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-49 shows a plot of potential energy U...Ch. 8 - GO Figure 8-50 shows a plot of potential energy U...Ch. 8 - The potential energy of a diatomic molecule a...Ch. 8 - A single conservative force Fx acts on a 1.0 kg...Ch. 8 - A worker pushed a 27 kg block 9.2 m along a level...Ch. 8 - A collie drags its bed box across a floor by...Ch. 8 - A horizontal force of magnitude 35.0 N pushes a...Ch. 8 - SSM A rope is used to pull a 3.57 kg block at...Ch. 8 - An outfielder throws a baseball with an initial...Ch. 8 - A 75 g Frisbee is thrown from a point 1.1 m above...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-51, a block slides down an incline. As...Ch. 8 - SSM ILW A 25 kg bear slides, from rest, 12 m down...Ch. 8 - A 60 kg skier leaves the end of a ski-jump ramp...Ch. 8 - During a rockslide, a 520 kg rock slides from rest...Ch. 8 - A large fake cookie sliding on a horizontal...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-52, a 3.5 kg block is accelerated...Ch. 8 - A child whose weight is 267 N slides down a 6.1 m...Ch. 8 - ILW In Fig. 8-53, a block of mass m = 2.5 kg...Ch. 8 - You push a 2.0 kg block against a horizontal...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-54, a block slides along a track from...Ch. 8 - A cookie jar is moving up a 40 incline. At a point...Ch. 8 - A stone with a weight of 5.29 N is launched...Ch. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - When a click beetle is upside down on its back, it...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-55, a block slides along a path that...Ch. 8 - The cable of the 1800 kg elevator cab in Fig. 8-56...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-57, a block is released from rest at...Ch. 8 - GO A particle can slide along a track with...Ch. 8 - A 3.2 kg sloth hangs 3.0 m above the ground. a...Ch. 8 - SSM A spring k = 200 N/m is fixed at the top of a...Ch. 8 - From the edge of a cliff, a 0.55 kg projectile is...Ch. 8 - SSM In Fig. 8-60, the pulley has negligible mass,...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-38, the string is L = 120 cm long,...Ch. 8 - SSM In Fig. 8-51, a block is sent sliding down a...Ch. 8 - Two snowy peaks are at heights H = 850 m and h =...Ch. 8 - SSM The temperature of a plastic cube is monitored...Ch. 8 - A skier weighing 600 N goes over a frictionless...Ch. 8 - SSM To form a pendulum, a 0.092 kg ball is...Ch. 8 - We move a particle along an x axis, first outward...Ch. 8 - SSM A conservative force Fx acts on a 2.00 kg...Ch. 8 - At a certain factory, 300 kg crates are dropped...Ch. 8 - SSM A 1500 kg car begins sliding down a 5.0...Ch. 8 - In Fig. 8-65, a 1400 kg block of granite is pulled...Ch. 8 - A particle can move along only an x axis, where...Ch. 8 - For the arrangement of forces in Problem 81, a...Ch. 8 - SSM A 15 kg block is accelerated at 2.0 m/s2 along...Ch. 8 - A certain spring is found not to conform to Hookes...Ch. 8 - SSM Each second, 1200 m3 of water passes over a...Ch. 8 - GO In Fig. 8-67, a small block is sent through...Ch. 8 - SSM A massless rigid rod of length L has a ball of...Ch. 8 - A 1.50 kg water balloon is shot straight up with...Ch. 8 - A 2.50 kg beverage can is thrown directly downward...Ch. 8 - A constant horizontal force moves a 50 kg trunk...Ch. 8 - GO Two blocks, of masses M = 2.0 kg and 2M, are...Ch. 8 - A volcanic ash flow is moving across horizontal...Ch. 8 - A playground slide is in the form of an arc of a...Ch. 8 - The luxury liner Queen Elizabeth 2 has a...Ch. 8 - A factory worker accidentally releases a 180 kg...Ch. 8 - If a 70 kg baseball player steals home by sliding...Ch. 8 - A 0.50 kg banana is thrown directly upward with an...Ch. 8 - A metal tool is sharpened by being held against...Ch. 8 - A swimmer moves through the water at an average...Ch. 8 - An automobile with passengers has weight 16 400 N...Ch. 8 - A 0.63 kg ball thrown directly upward with an...Ch. 8 - The summit of Mount Everest is 8850 m above sea...Ch. 8 - A sprinter who weighs 670 N runs the first 7.0 m...Ch. 8 - A 20 kg object is acted on by a conservative force...Ch. 8 - A machine pulls a 40 kg trunk 2.0 m up a 40 ramp...Ch. 8 - Prob. 106PCh. 8 - The only force acting on a particle is...Ch. 8 - In 1981, Daniel Goodwin climbed 443 m up the...Ch. 8 - A 60.0 kg circus performer slides 4.00 m down a...Ch. 8 - A 5.0 kg block is projected at 5.0 m/s up a plane...Ch. 8 - A 9.40 kg projectile is fired vertically upward....Ch. 8 - A 70.0 kg man jumping from a window lands in an...Ch. 8 - A 30 g bullet moving a horizontal velocity of 500...Ch. 8 - A 1500 kg car starts from rest on a horizontal...Ch. 8 - A 1.50 kg snowball is shot upward at an angle of...Ch. 8 - A 68 kg sky diver falls at a constant terminal...Ch. 8 - A 20 kg block on a horizontal surface is attached...Ch. 8 - Resistance to the motion of an automobile consists...Ch. 8 - SSM A 50 g ball is thrown from a window with an...Ch. 8 - A spring with a spring constant of 3200 N/m is...Ch. 8 - A locomotive with a power capability of 1.5 MW can...Ch. 8 - SSM A 0.42 kg shuffleboard disk is initially at...Ch. 8 - A river descends 15 m through rapids. The speed of...Ch. 8 - The magnitude of the gravitational force between a...Ch. 8 - Approximately 5.5 106 kg of water falls 50 m over...Ch. 8 - To make a pendulum, a 300 g ball is attached to...Ch. 8 - In a circus act, a 60 kg clown is shot from a...Ch. 8 - A 70 kg firefighter slides, from rest, 4.3 m down...Ch. 8 - The surface of the continental United States has...Ch. 8 - A spring with spring constant k = 200 N/m is...Ch. 8 - Fasten one end of a vertical spring to a ceiling,...Ch. 8 - The maximum force you can exert on an object with...Ch. 8 - Conservative force Fx acts on a particle that...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-73a shows a molecule consisting of two...Ch. 8 - Repeat Problem 83, but now with the block...Ch. 8 - A spring with spring constant k = 620 N/m is...
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