
To explain:
The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.
Concept Introduction:
Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Explanation of Solution
Lignin is an organic
Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and
To explain:
The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.
Concept Introduction:
Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Explanation of Solution
Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.
There are various species of algae which produce bio-diesel.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
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