Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern, Revised Hybrid (with Enhanced WebAssign Printed Access Card for Physics, Multi-Term Courses)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305266292
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 10CQ
To determine
Examples of change in total energy of the system when it is not a change in kinetic energy.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern, Revised Hybrid (with Enhanced WebAssign Printed Access Card for Physics, Multi-Term Courses)
Ch. 8.1 - Consider a block sliding over a horizontal surface...Ch. 8.2 - A rock of mass m is dropped to the ground from a...Ch. 8.2 - Three identical balls are thrown from the top of a...Ch. 8.3 - You are traveling along a freeway at 65 mi/h. Your...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1OQCh. 8 - Two children stand on a platform at the top of a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3OQCh. 8 - An athlete jumping vertically on a trampoline...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5OQCh. 8 - In a laboratory model of cars skidding to a stop,...
Ch. 8 - Prob. 7OQCh. 8 - Prob. 8OQCh. 8 - Prob. 9OQCh. 8 - One person drops a ball from the top of a building...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CQCh. 8 - Prob. 3CQCh. 8 - Prob. 4CQCh. 8 - Prob. 5CQCh. 8 - Prob. 6CQCh. 8 - In the general conservation of energy equation,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8CQCh. 8 - A block is connected to a spring that is suspended...Ch. 8 - Prob. 10CQCh. 8 - Prob. 1PCh. 8 - Prob. 2PCh. 8 - Prob. 3PCh. 8 - A 20.0-kg cannonball is fired from a cannon with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5PCh. 8 - A block of mass m = 5.00 kg is released from point...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7PCh. 8 - Prob. 8PCh. 8 - A light, rigid rod is 77.0 cm long. Its top end is...Ch. 8 - At 11:00 a.m, on September 7, 2001, more than one...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11PCh. 8 - Prob. 12PCh. 8 - A sled of mass m is given a kick on a frozen pond....Ch. 8 - A crate of mass 10.0 kg is pulled up a rough...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15PCh. 8 - A 40.0-kg box initially at rest is pushed 5.00 m...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17PCh. 8 - At time ti, the kinetic energy of a particle is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 19PCh. 8 - As shown in Figure P8.10, a green bead of mass 25...Ch. 8 - Prob. 21PCh. 8 - Prob. 22PCh. 8 - Prob. 23PCh. 8 - A 1.50-kg object is held 1.20 m above a relaxed...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25PCh. 8 - An 80.0-kg skydiver jumps out of a balloon at an...Ch. 8 - Prob. 27PCh. 8 - Prob. 28PCh. 8 - Prob. 29PCh. 8 - The electric motor of a model train accelerates...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - Prob. 32PCh. 8 - An energy-efficient lightbulb, taking in 28.0 W of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 34PCh. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - An older-model car accelerates from 0 to speed v...Ch. 8 - Prob. 37PCh. 8 - Prob. 38PCh. 8 - Prob. 39PCh. 8 - Energy is conventionally measured in Calories as...Ch. 8 - A loaded ore car has a mass of 950 kg and rolls on...Ch. 8 - Prob. 42APCh. 8 - Prob. 43APCh. 8 - Prob. 44APCh. 8 - Prob. 45APCh. 8 - Review. As shown in Figure P8.26, a light string...Ch. 8 - Prob. 47APCh. 8 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 8 - Prob. 49APCh. 8 - Prob. 50APCh. 8 - Jonathan is riding a bicycle and encounters a hill...Ch. 8 - Jonathan is riding a bicycle and encounters a hill...Ch. 8 - Consider the blockspringsurface system in part (B)...Ch. 8 - As it plows a parking lot, a snowplow pushes an...Ch. 8 - Prob. 55APCh. 8 - Consider the popgun in Example 8.3. Suppose the...Ch. 8 - As the driver steps on the gas pedal, a car of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 58APCh. 8 - A horizontal spring attached to a wall has a force...Ch. 8 - Prob. 60APCh. 8 - Prob. 61APCh. 8 - Prob. 62APCh. 8 - Prob. 63APCh. 8 - Prob. 64APCh. 8 - A block of mass 0.500 kg is pushed against a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 66APCh. 8 - Prob. 67APCh. 8 - A pendulum, comprising a light string of length L...Ch. 8 - Prob. 69APCh. 8 - Review. Why is the following situation impossible?...Ch. 8 - Prob. 71APCh. 8 - Prob. 72APCh. 8 - Prob. 73APCh. 8 - Prob. 74APCh. 8 - Prob. 75APCh. 8 - Prob. 76APCh. 8 - Prob. 77APCh. 8 - Prob. 78APCh. 8 - Prob. 79CPCh. 8 - Starting from rest, a 64.0-kg person bungee jumps...Ch. 8 - Prob. 81CPCh. 8 - Prob. 82CPCh. 8 - Prob. 83CPCh. 8 - A uniform chain of length 8.00 m initially lies...Ch. 8 - Prob. 85CP
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- (a) A force F=(4xi+3yj), where F is in newtons and x and y are in meters, acts on an object as the object moves in the x direction from the origin to x = 5.00 m. Find the work W=Fdr done by the force on the object. (b) What If? Find the work W=Fdr done by the force on the object if it moves from the origin to (5.00 m, 5.00 m) along a straightline path making an angle of 45.0 with the positive x axis. Is the work done by this force dependent on the path taken between the initial and final points?arrow_forwardExplorers in the jungle find an ancient monument in the shape of a large isosceles triangle as shown in Figure P9.25. The monument is made from tens of thousands of small stone blocks of density 3 800 kg/m3. The monument is 15.7 m high and 64.8 m wide at its base and is everywhere 3.60 m thick from front to back. Before the monument was built many years ago, all the stone blocks lay on the ground. How much work did laborers do on the blocks to put them in position while building the entire monument? Note: The gravitational potential energy of an objectEarth system is given by Ug = MgyCM, where M is the total mass of the object and yCM is the elevation of its center of mass above the chosen reference level.arrow_forward. In the annual Empire State Building race, contestants run up 1,575 steps to a height of 1,050 ft. In 2003, Australian Paul Crake completed the race in a record time of 9 min and 33 S, Mr., Crake weighed 143 lb (65 kg) , (a) How much work did Mr., Crake do in reaching the top of the building? (b) What was his average power output (in ft-lb/s and in hp)?arrow_forward
- A particle moves in the xy plane (Fig. P9.30) from the origin to a point having coordinates x = 7.00 m and y = 4.00 m under the influence of a force given by F=3y2+x. a. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 1 (shown in red)? b. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 2 (shown in blue)? c. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 3 (shown in green)? d. Is the force F conservative or nonconservative? Explain. FIGURE P9.30 In each case, the work is found using the integral of Fdr along the path (Equation 9.21). W=rtrfFdr=rtrf(Fxdx+Fydy+Fzdz) (a) The work done along path 1, we first need to integrate along dr=dxi from (0,0) to (7,0) and then along dr=dyj from (7,0) to (7,4): W1=x=0;y=0x=7;y=0(3y2i+xj)(dxi)+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyj) Performing the dot products, we get W1=x=0;y=0x=7;y=03y2dx+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4xdy Along the first part of this path, y = 0 therefore the first integral equals zero. For the second integral, x is constant and can be pulled out of the integral, and we can evaluate dy. W1=0+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4xdy=xy|x=7;y=0x=7;y=4=28J (b) The work done along path 2 is along dr=dyj from (0,0) to (0,4) and then along dr=dxi from (0,4) to (7,4): W2=x=0;y=0x=0;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyj)+x=0;y=4x=7;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyi) Performing the dot product, we get: W2=x=0;y=0x=0;y=4xdy+x=0;y=4x=7;y=43y2dx Along the first part of this path, x = 0. Therefore, the first integral equals zero. For the second integral, y is constant and can be pulled out of the integral, and we can evaluate dx. W2=0+3y2x|x=0;y=4x=7;y=4=336J (c) To find the work along the third path, we first write the expression for the work integral. W=rtrfFdr=rtrf(Fxdx+Fydy+Fzdz)W=rtrf(3y2dx+xdy)(1) At first glance, this appears quite simple, but we cant integrate xdy=xy like we might have above because the value of x changes as we vary y (i.e., x is a function of y.) [In parts (a) and (b), on a straight horizontal or vertical line, only x or y changes]. One approach is to parameterize both x and y as a function of another variable, say t, and write each integral in terms of only x or y. Constraining dr to be along the desired line, we can relate dx and dy: tan=dydxdy=tandxanddx=dytan(2) Now, use equation (2) in (1) to express each integral in terms of only one variable. W=x=0;y=0x=7;y=43y2dx+x=0;y=0x=7;y=4xdyW=y=0y=43y2dytan+x=0x=7xtandx We can determine the tangent of the angle, which is constant (the angle is the angle of the line with respect to the horizontal). tan=4.007.00=0.570 Insert the value of the tangent and solve the integrals. W=30.570y33|y=0y=4+0.570x22|x=0x=7W=112+14=126J (d) Since the work done is not path-independent, this is non-conservative force. Figure P9.30ANSarrow_forwardA shopper pushes a grocery cart 20.0 m at constant speed on level ground, against a 35.0 N frictional force. He pushes in a direction 25.0° below the horizontal. (a) What is the work done on the cart by friction? (b) What is the work done on the cart by the gravitational force? (c) What is the work done on the cart by the shopper? (d) Find the force the shopper exerts, using energy considerations. (e) What is the total work done on the cart?arrow_forwardA sled of mass 70 kg starts from rest and slides down a 10 incline 80 m long. It then travels for 20 m horizontally before starting back up an 8° incline. It travels 80 m along this incline before coming to rest. What is the magnitude of the net work done on the sled by friction?arrow_forward
- Give an example of a situation in which there is a force and a displacement, but the force does no work. Explain why it does no work.arrow_forwardConsider the energy transfers and transformations listed below in parts (a) through (e). For each part, (i) describe human-made devices designed to produce each of the energy transfers or transformations and, (ii) whenever possible, describe a natural process in which the energy transfer or transformation occurs. Give details to defend your choices, such as identifying the system and identifying other output energy if the device or natural process has limited efficiency. (a) Chemical potential energy transforms into internal energy. (b) Energy transferred by electrical transmission becomes gravitational potential energy. (c) Elastic potential energy transfers out of a system by heat. (d) Energy transferred by mechanical waves does work on a system. (e) Energy carried by electromagnetic waves becomes kinetic energy in a system.arrow_forwardAs a simple pendulum swings back and forth, the forces acting on the suspended object are the force of gravity, the tension in the supporting cord, and air resistance, (a) Which of these forces, if any, does no work on the pendulum? (b) Which of these forces does negative work at all times during the pendulums motion? (c) Describe the work done by the force of gravity while the pendulum is swinging.arrow_forward
- A block of mass m = 2.50 kg is pushed a distance d = 2.20 m along a frictionless, horizontal table by a constant applied force of magnitude F = 16.0 N directed at an angle = 25.0 below the horizontal as shown in Figure P6.3. Determine the work done on the block by (a) the applied force, (b) the normal force exerted by the table, (c) the gravitational force, and (d) the net force on the block. Figure P6.3arrow_forward(a) What is the efficiency of an out-of-condition professor who does 2.10105J of useful work while metabolizing 500 kcal of food energy? (b) How many food calories would a well-conditioned athlete metabolize in doing the same work with an efficiency of 20%?arrow_forward(a) Suppose a constant force acts on an object. The force does not vary with time or with the position or the velocity of the object. Start with the general definition for work done by a force W=ifFdr and show that the force is conservative, (b) As a special case, suppose the force F =(3i + 4j)N acts on a particle that moves from O to in Figure P7.43. Calculate the work done by F on the particle as it moves along each one of the three paths shown in the figure and show that the work done along the three paths identical.arrow_forward
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