a) Interpretation: Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted. Concept introduction: Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene , the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents. To state: The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Question

Part C A solution that is 0.040 M in HCIO4 and 0.046 M in HCI Express your answer numerically to two decimal places. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ ? pH = Submit Request Answer Part D A solution that is 1.08% HCl by mass (with a density of 1.01 g/mL) Express your answer numerically to three decimal places. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ -> 0 ? pH =

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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Part C A solution that is 0.040 M in HCIO4 and 0.046 M in HCI Express your answer numerically to two decimal places. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ ? pH = Submit Request Answer Part D A solution that is 1.08% HCl by mass (with a density of 1.01 g/mL) Express your answer numerically to three decimal places. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ -> 0 ? pH =

Predict the equilibrium arrows for the following reaction:*see image

Provide the missing information for each of the two following reacitons: *see image

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 7.2 - Calculate the degree of unsaturation in each of...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 7.2 - Diazepam, marketed as an antianxiety medication...Ch. 7.3 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how Markovnikov's rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions.

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