a) Interpretation: The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted. Concept introduction: In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H 2 O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”. To predict: The product in the reaction shown.

Question

Using the general properties of equilibrium constants At a certain temperature, the equilibrium constant K for the following reaction is 0.84: H2(g) + 2(g) 2 HI(g) = Use this information to complete the following table. Suppose a 34. L reaction vessel is filled with 0.79 mol of HI. What can you say about the composition of the mixture in the vessel at equilibrium? There will be very little H2 and 12. ☐ x10 There will be very little HI. Neither of the above is true. What is the equilibrium constant for the following reaction? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits. 2 HI(g) H₂(9)+12(9) K = What is the equilibrium constant for the following reaction? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits. 2 H2(g)+212(9) 4 HI(g) K = ☐ ☑

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

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Using the general properties of equilibrium constants At a certain temperature, the equilibrium constant K for the following reaction is 0.84: H2(g) + 2(g) 2 HI(g) = Use this information to complete the following table. Suppose a 34. L reaction vessel is filled with 0.79 mol of HI. What can you say about the composition of the mixture in the vessel at equilibrium? There will be very little H2 and 12. ☐ x10 There will be very little HI. Neither of the above is true. What is the equilibrium constant for the following reaction? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits. 2 HI(g) H₂(9)+12(9) K = What is the equilibrium constant for the following reaction? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits. 2 H2(g)+212(9) 4 HI(g) K = ☐ ☑

Predicting the qualitative acid-base properties of salts Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases: base acid Κα Kb name formula name formula hydrocyanic acid - 10 HCN 4.9 × 10 pyridine C₂H₂N 1.7 × 10 9 acetic acid HCH3CO2 1.8 × 10 5 hydroxylamine HONH2 1.1 × 10¯ 8 Use this data to rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on. 0.1 M KCN solution pH choose one ✓ 0.1 M C5H5NHCI choose one ✓ 0.1 M NaCH3CO2 choose one ✓ 0.1 M HONH3Br ✓ choose one 1 (lowest) 2 3 4 (highest)

For this question please solve the first question. Please explain your thought process, the steps you took, and how you would tackle a similar problem. Thank you for your help!

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 5

Chapter 7.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product of the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction shown is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The product in the reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In addition reactions small molecules like HCl, H₂O, HBr etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product. The addition to unsymmetrical alkenes will follow Markovnikov’s rule which states that “in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H adds to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and X adds to the carbon with more alkyl substituents”.

To predict:

The product in the reaction shown.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 19

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Answer 25

Ch. 7.2 - Calculate the degree of unsaturation in each of...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 7.2 - Diazepam, marketed as an antianxiety medication...Ch. 7.3 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how reactions like HCl, H 2 O, HBr, etc. add to the double bond in an alkene to yield a single product.

Chapter 7 Solutions