Bundle: Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card: Peck/Olsen/Devore. 5th Edition, Single-Term
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305620711
Author: Roxy Peck, Chris Olsen, Jay L. Devore
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7.7, Problem 86E
Macular degeneration is the most common cause of blindness in people older than 60 years. One variable thought to be related to a type of inflammation associated with this disease is level of a substance called soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) in the blood.
The accompanying table contains representative data on x = sFasL level for 10 patients with age-related macular degeneration. These data are consistent with summary quantities and descriptions of the data given in the paper “Associations of Plasma-Soluble Fas Ligand with Aging and Age-Related Macular Degeneration” (Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science [2008]: 1345–1349).
The authors of the paper noted that the distribution of sFasL level was skewed and recommended a cube-root transformation. The cube-root values and the normal scores for a sample size of 10 are also given in the accompanying table.
- a. Construct a normal
probability plot using the untransformed data. - b. Does the normal probability plot for the untransformed data appear linear or curved?
- c. Construct a normal probability plot using the cube-root transformed data. Does the normal probability plot appear more nearly linear than the plot for the untransformed data?
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Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 9.18 (Note: These are the same data as in Table 8.27, p. 329).
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Bundle: Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card: Peck/Olsen/Devore. 5th Edition, Single-Term
Ch. 7.1 - State whether each of the following random...Ch. 7.1 - Classify each of the following random variables as...Ch. 7.1 - Starting at a particular time, each car entering...Ch. 7.1 - A point is randomly selected from the interior of...Ch. 7.1 - A point is randomly selected on the surface of a...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 7.1 - A box contains four slips of paper marked 1, 2, 3,...Ch. 7.2 - Let x be the number of courses for which a...Ch. 7.2 - Let y denote the number of broken eggs in a...Ch. 7.2 - Suppose that fund-raisers at a university call...
Ch. 7.2 - Airlines sometimes overbook flights. Suppose that...Ch. 7.2 - Suppose that a computer manufacturer receives...Ch. 7.2 - Simulate the chance experiment described in the...Ch. 7.2 - Of all airline flight requests received by a...Ch. 7.2 - Suppose that 20% of all homeowners in an...Ch. 7.2 - A box contains five slips of paper, marked 1, 1,...Ch. 7.2 - Components coming off an assembly line are either...Ch. 7.2 - A contractor is required by a county planning...Ch. 7.2 - A library subscribes to two different weekly news...Ch. 7.3 - Let x denote the lifetime (in thousands of hours)...Ch. 7.3 - A particular professor never dismisses class...Ch. 7.3 - Refer to the probability distribution given in the...Ch. 7.3 - The article “Modeling Sediment and Water Column...Ch. 7.3 - Let x denote the amount of gravel sold (in tons)...Ch. 7.3 - Let x be the amount of time (in minutes) that a...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 7.4 - Consider selecting a household in rural Thailand...Ch. 7.4 - Suppose the probability distribution of x, the...Ch. 7.4 - Consider the following probability distribution...Ch. 7.4 - Referring to the previous exercise, use the result...Ch. 7.4 - Exercise 7.8 gave the following probability...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 7.4 - Suppose that for a particular computer...Ch. 7.4 - A local television station sells 15-second,...Ch. 7.4 - An author has written a book and submitted it to a...Ch. 7.4 - A grocery store has an express line for customers...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 7.4 - To assemble a piece of furniture, a wood peg must...Ch. 7.4 - A multiple-choice exam consists of 50 questions....Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 43ECh. 7.5 - The Los Angeles Times (December 13, 1992) reported...Ch. 7.5 - Refer to the previous exercise, and suppose that...Ch. 7.5 - Twenty-five percent of the customers of a grocery...Ch. 7.5 - Example 7.18 described a study in which a person...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 49ECh. 7.5 - A breeder of show dogs is interested in the number...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 51ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 52ECh. 7.5 - Suppose that the probability is 0.1 that any given...Ch. 7.5 - Suppose that 30% of all automobiles undergoing an...Ch. 7.5 - Suppose that you will take a multiple-choice exam...Ch. 7.5 - Suppose that 20% of the 10,000 signatures on a...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 57ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 58ECh. 7.5 - Suppose a playlist on an MP3 music player consists...Ch. 7.5 - Sophie is a dog that loves to play catch....Ch. 7.5 - Suppose that 5% of cereal boxes contain a prize...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 62ECh. 7.6 - Prob. 63ECh. 7.6 - Prob. 64ECh. 7.6 - Prob. 65ECh. 7.6 - Prob. 66ECh. 7.6 - Let z denote a variable that has a standard normal...Ch. 7.6 - Determine the value z that a. Separates the...Ch. 7.6 - Determine the value of z such that a. z and z...Ch. 7.6 - Because P(z 0.44) = 0.67, 67% of all z values are...Ch. 7.6 - Consider the population of all 1-gallon cans of...Ch. 7.6 - Consider babies born in the “normal” range of...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 73ECh. 7.6 - The paper referenced in Example 7.30 (Estimating...Ch. 7.6 - The size of the left upper chamber of the heart is...Ch. 7.6 - The paper referenced in the previous exercise also...Ch. 7.6 - According to the paper "Commuters' Exposure to...Ch. 7.6 - A machine that cuts corks for wine bottles...Ch. 7.6 - Refer to the previous exercise. Suppose that there...Ch. 7.6 - A gasoline tank for a certain car is designed to...Ch. 7.6 - The time that it takes a randomly selected job...Ch. 7.6 - Suppose that the distribution of typing speed in...Ch. 7.7 - The authors of the paper Development of...Ch. 7.7 - The paper Risk Behavior, Decision Making, and...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 85ECh. 7.7 - Macular degeneration is the most common cause of...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 87ECh. 7.7 - Consider the following 10 observations on the...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 89ECh. 7.7 - Prob. 90ECh. 7.7 - Prob. 91ECh. 7.7 - Prob. 92ECh. 7.7 - The figure on the next page appeared in the paper...Ch. 7.8 - Let x denote the IQ of an individual selected at...Ch. 7.8 - Suppose that the distribution of x = the number of...Ch. 7.8 - The number of vehicles leaving a turnpike at a...Ch. 7.8 - Prob. 97ECh. 7.8 - Prob. 98ECh. 7.8 - Prob. 99ECh. 7.8 - Suppose that 70% of the bicycles sold by a certain...Ch. 7.8 - Suppose that 25% of the fire alarms in a large...Ch. 7.8 - Suppose that 65% of all registered voters in a...Ch. 7.8 - Flashlight bulbs manufactured by a certain company...Ch. 7.8 - A company that manufactures mufflers for cars...Ch. 7 - Let x denote the duration of a randomly selected...Ch. 7 - A soft-drink machine dispenses only regular Coke...Ch. 7 - Prob. 107CRCh. 7 - Refer 10 the probability distribution given in...Ch. 7 - A new batterys voltage may be acceptable (A) or...Ch. 7 - A pizza company advertises that it puts 0.5 pounds...Ch. 7 - Suppose that fuel efficiency for a particular...Ch. 7 - A coin is flipped 25 times. 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- Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period.To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 9.18. A)Suppose the investigators are reluctant to assume that the change in LVM over four years is normally distributed. What test can be used to assess if there is a change in mean LVM over…arrow_forwardLeft ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 9.18 (Note: These are the same data as in Table 8.27, p. 329). 9.68 What is the critical region at the 5% level? (i.e., for what values of the test statistic will we reject H0 at the 5% level?)…arrow_forwardLeft ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height)and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after4 years of follow-up. The data are given in images. a) Suppose the investigators are reluctant to assume that the change in LVM over four years is normally distributed. What test can be used to assess if there is a change in mean LVM over four…arrow_forward
- Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 9.18 (Note: These are the same data as in Table 8.27, p. 329). 9.71 Compare your results in Problems 9.69 and 9.70. 9.72 Compare your results to those obtained using t test methods in Problem…arrow_forwardLeft ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 1 . Table 1 Pilot data on left ventricular mass (LVM) in children from the Bogalusa Heart Study ID Baseline LVM (g) 4- year LVM (g) Change (g)* 1 139 163 24 2 134 126 -8 3 86 142 56…arrow_forwardLeft ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 1 . Table 1 Pilot data on left ventricular mass (LVM) in children from the Bogalusa Heart Study ID Baseline LVM (g) 4- year LVM (g) Change (g)* 1 139 163 24 2 134 126 -8 3 86 142 56…arrow_forward
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