
Concept explainers
a)
Interpretation:
The Gadolinium electronic configuration and orbital box diagram has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Electronic configuration: The electronic configuration is the distribution of electrons of an given molecule or respective atoms in atomic or molecular orbitals.
The Aufbau principle: This rule statues that ground state of an atom or ions electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy levels before occupying higher levels. If consider the 1s shell is filled the 2s subshell is occupied.
Hund's Rule: The every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.
General electronic configuration of f-block: The general the electronic configuration of these elements is
a)

Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of Gadolinium
The xenon
(b)
Interpretation:
The most common oxidation state of Gadolinium electronic configuration and its electron configuration of the most common oxidation state has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Electronic configuration: The electronic configuration is the distribution of electrons of a given molecule or respective atoms in atomic or molecular orbitals.
The Aufbau principle: This rule statues that ground state of an atom or ions electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy levels before occupying higher levels. If consider the 1s shell is filled the 2s subshell is occupied.
Hund's Rule: The every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.
General electronic configuration of f-block: The general the electronic configuration of these elements is
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration for Gadolinium and Gadolinium (Gd3+) systems:
When Gadolinium
The electronic configuration of
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
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