
a)
Interpretation:
The reducing agent and property of the element to act as reducing agent has to be discussed.
Concept Introduction:
Reducing agent: In a
b)
Interpretation:
The oxidizing agent and property of the element to act as oxidizing agent has to be discussed.
Concept Introduction:
Oxidizing agent: In a redox reaction, a oxidizing agent is an element or compound that gains an electron from another chemical species.
c)
Interpretation:
The given reaction only produce
Concept Introduction:
Ionization energy (IE): The ionization energy is the required to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase.
General formula of ionization energy=
As predicted by coulomb’s law, energy must be supplied to overcome the attraction between an electron and the nucleus and to separate the electron from the atom. Thus ionization energies always have positive values. An electron father from the nucleus generally has smaller ionization energy and electron closer to the nucleus has larger ionization energy.
Increase and decrease electro negativity: The less vacancy electrons an atoms has the least it will gain of electrons. Moreover the

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Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- What would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis? 1. PPh3 3 2. n-BuLi • Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like. • Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is. • Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine. Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardIdentify the missing organic reactants in the following reaction: X + Y H+ two steps Note: This chemical equation only focuses on the important organic molecules in the reaction. Additional inorganic or small-molecule reactants or products (like H2O) are not shown. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic reactants X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Х :arrow_forwardDraw the mechanism of friedel-crafts acylation using acetyl chloride of m-Xylenearrow_forward
- Don't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solution and correct answerarrow_forwardH R Part: 1/2 :CI: is a/an electrophile Part 2 of 2 Draw the skeletal structure of the product(s) for the Lewis acid-base reaction. Include lone pairs and formal charges (if applicable) on the structures. 4-7: H ö- H Skip Part Check X :C1: $ % L Fi Click and drag to start drawing a structure. MacBook Pro & ㅁ x G 0: P Add or increase positive formal cha Save For Later Submit ©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centearrow_forwardDraw the friedel-crafts acylation mechanism of m-Xylenearrow_forward
- Don't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solutionarrow_forward1. Base on this experimental results, how do you know that the product which you are turning in is methyl 3-nitrobenzoate(meta substituted product ) rather than either of the other two products? 2. What observation suggests that at least a small amount of one or both of the other two isomers are in the mother liquor?arrow_forwardExplain Huckel's rule.arrow_forward
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