To explain: Cellular synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein.
Concept introduction: Animal cells do not have cell wall but consists of plasma membrane. The cell synthesizes and secretes material outside of cell called extracellular matrix (ECM). The secretion of material outside the cell is carried out by a process called exocytosis. The ingredient of ECM includes glycoprotein and other carbohydrate containing molecules. Collagen is the most important and abundant glycoprotein in the ECM. Another protein called fibronectin is also present in the ECM. ECM plays a role in the cellular functions and protection. It provides signal to the animal cell that allows communication with the extracellular environment.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
- Name the three major assumptions made by the "Cell theory". (i) The lipid membrane is composed of lipid molecules. Explain the principle of membrane formation highlighting the role of the physical properties of the lipids. (ii) Comparing dimensions and length scales is often a first step in an analysis. Give an approximate value for the thickness of a lipid bilayer and the linear length of a helical turn of a DNA double helix. A technician wants to amplify DNA from a patient sample. However, the lab is not equipped with a thermocycler. (i) (ii) Name two methods for DNA amplification that can be operated at constant temperature and give their acronyms. Explain these two methods in detail using a schematic and name all necessary components that are required to perform the amplification. Describe the main function of the middle ear. Highlight the role of the ossicles and the tympanic membrane.arrow_forwardCalculate the free energy changes at 20°C for the transmembrane movement of Na and K ions using the conditions presented Figure 9.1. Assume the membrane potential is -70 mV. Use 3 significant figures. AG (Na) - AG (K) = kJ. mol ¹ kJ mol2 Aarrow_forwardMembrane Protein Insertion in the ER This figure displays five small hypothetical proteins. The a-helix secondary structure of the protein is bracketed and the number of amino acids in the helix is indicated. If the hypothetical ER localization sequence is green-yellow-yellow-green-yellow-red, what protein could potentially be a transmembrane protein in the plasma membrane? = Acidic = Basic = Polar (uncharged) O = Hydrophobic CO₂ T 20 CO2 T 20 NH₂ A. T 20 NH₂ B. NH₂ C. T 20 NH₂ D. NH₂ E. tot 10arrow_forward
- Part C - Facilitated diffusion via channels and carrier proteins The majority of solutes that diffuse across the plasma membrane cannot move directly through the lipid bilayer. The passive movement of such solutes (down their concentration gradients without the input of cellular energy) requires the presence of specific transport proteins, either channels or carrier proteins. Diffusion through a transport protein in the plasma membrane is called facilitated diffusion. outside cell channel protein inside cell carrier protein' Adapted from Biology by Campbell and Reece ©2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Sort the phrases into the appropriate bins depending on whether they are true only for channels, true only for carrier proteins, or true for both channels and carriers. ▸ View Available Hint(s) only channels transport primarily small polar organic molecules provide a continuous path across the membrane provide a hydrophilic path across the membrane allow water molecules and small ions to flow…arrow_forwardMolecular Transport Across Membranes Workshop How does the cell membrane control movement of materials? The cellular membrane is critical to the maintenance of homeostasis in living organisms. The cell membrane separates the cell from the external environment and plays a critical role in regulating movement of material in and out of the cell. Additionally, eukaryotic cells are made complex by the presence of internal membranes that form organelles, so the cells may become specialized. These organelle membranes create compartments within the cell that can do specific functions. For this exercise, you will work in groups of four to progress through the activities. At the end of each activity, one group (chosen at random) will share how they responded and open the floor for further discussion. Model 1 - Types of Ions and Molecules in a Cell Type 4 Molecules Molecular oxygen (O,): Туре 1 Ions Type 2 Molecules Туре 3 Molecules Glucose: Water: Potassium: K* OH 0=0 D Sodium: Na+ + O- Urea:…arrow_forwardListen 96 73 Membranes and the Export of Proteins Key Idea: The synthesis, packaging and movement of functional. This modification takes place in the rough macromolecules inside the cell involves coordination between several membrane-bound organelles. Many proteins need to be modified in order to become before packaged and shipped to its final destination. endoplasmic reticulum (rER). From the rER, proteins are transported to the Golgi where the protein is further modified As it enters the cisternal space inside the ER, it falds up into its correct 3-dimensional shape. Ribosomes on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) translate MANA into a polypeptide chain. Most proteins destined for secretion are glycoproteins (.e. they are proteins with carbohydrates added to them). Attachment of Ribosome carbohydrate to the protein by enzymes (glycosylation) occurs in the rER. Proteins destined for The chain is threaded through secretion leave the ER the ER membrane into the cisternal…arrow_forward
- Model 4 - Transport Proteins: Facilitated Diffusion Extracellular Fluid mu Cytoplasmic Fluid Extracellular Fluid wwwwwwy hmmmml Cytoplasmic Fluid www.wmy wwwwwy hummu hmm wwwwwwy immmml wwwwwwwwY immu hmmmml wwwwy hmmmm O wwwwwwy wwwwwwwy imm hmmmmm Y www Y www 10. What appears to be the effect of inserting a protein channel into the membrane on the movement of molecules across the membrane? 11. Is the inner surface (facing the channel) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar in the examples shown in Model 4? Is the exterior surface (facing the fatty acid chains of the phospholipids) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar? Explain your reasoning. When a membrane protein assists in the passive transport of molecules across a barrier in the direction down their concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration) it is called facilitated diffusion. Transport proteins may also be involved in active transport where the cell uses energy from…arrow_forwardAdd informationarrow_forwardOrder following for rate of diffusion through a synthetic lipid bilayer. Explain your order. K+, O2, ethanol, sucrose, tRNA, H2Oarrow_forward
- Cell Structure Reflects Function What advantages are there in having the interior of the cell divided into a number of compartments such as the nucleus, the ER, lysosomes, and so forth?arrow_forwardaccount_circle Science Anatomy and PhysiologyQ&A LibraryWhich of the following statements regarding the selective permeability of the lipid bilayer is FALSE? A. the permeability of the lipid bilayer to different substances varies. B. The lipid bilayer component of the plasma membrane is highly permeable to nonvolatile molecules such as oxygen. C. The more hydrophobic or lipid soluble a substance is, the greater the lipid bilayers permeability to that substance. D. The lipid bilayer component of the plasma membrane is moderately permeable to ions and large, uncharged polar molecules Which of the following statements regarding the selective permeability of the lipid bilayer is FALSE? A. the permeability of the lipid bilayer to different substances varies. B. The lipid bilayer component of the plasma membrane is highly permeable to nonvolatile molecules such as oxygen. C. The more hydrophobic or lipid soluble a substance is, the greater the lipid bilayers…arrow_forwardCan you help me answer the A & B?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning