EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136539414
Author: Reece
Publisher: VST
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 4TYU
Which of the following processes includes all the others?
- (A) osmosis
- (B) diffusion of a solute across a membrane
- (C) passive transport
- (D) transport of an ion down its
electrochemical gradient
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Which of the following processes requires the cell to expend metabolic energy directly (e.g., from ATP)? (a) osmosis (b) facilitated diffusion (c) all forms of carrier-mediated transport (d) active transport (e) simple diffusion
In cotransport (indirect active transport) (a) a uniporter moves a solute across a membrane against its concentration gradient (b) the movement of one solute down its concentration gradient provides energy for transport ofsome other solute up its concentration gradient (c) a channel protein moves ions by facilitated diffusion (d) osmosis powers the movement of ions against their concentration gradient (e) sodium is directly transported in one direction, and potassium is indirectly transported in the same direction
The distinctive properties of facilitated diffusion are:
(a) Increase the speed of diffusion of substances
(b) Transport of substances towards increasing concentration
Additional energy consumption for transport
(c)
Transfer of substance involving carriers
(d)
Integration flux of substance and ion transport
(e)
Chapter 7 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
Ch. 7.1 - VISUAL SKILLS Carbohydrates are attached to...Ch. 7.1 - WHAT IF? How would the membrane lipid composition...Ch. 7.2 - What property allows O2 and CO2 to cross a lipid...Ch. 7.2 - VISUAL SKILLS Examine Figure 7.2. Why is a...Ch. 7.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Aquaporins exclude passage of...Ch. 7.3 - How do you think a cell performing cellular...Ch. 7.3 - WHAT IF? If a Paramecium swims from a hypotonic...Ch. 7.4 - Sodium-potassium pumps help nerve cells establish...Ch. 7.4 - VISUAL SKILLS Compare the sodium-potassium pump...Ch. 7.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the characteristics of...
Ch. 7.5 - As a cell grows, its plasma membrane expands. Does...Ch. 7.5 - DRAW IT Return to Figure 7.9, and circle a patch...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7 - In what ways are membranes crucial to life?Ch. 7 - How do aquaporins affect the permeability of a...Ch. 7 - What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic...Ch. 7 - ATP is not directly involved in the functioning of...Ch. 7 - Which type of endocytosis involves the binding of...Ch. 7 - In what way do the membranes of a eukaryotic Cell...Ch. 7 - According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane...Ch. 7 - Which of the following factors would tend to...Ch. 7 - Which of the following processes includes all the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 7 - DRAW IT An artificial "cell" consisting of an...Ch. 7 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Paramecium and other...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 7 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Extensive...Ch. 7 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS A human...Ch. 7 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE In the supermarket,...
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- All of the following are passive membrane transport processes except: (a) diffusion. (b) facilitated diffusion. (c) vesicular transport. (d) osmosis.arrow_forwardWhich statements are consistent with the known facts about membrane transport? (a) Active transport moves a substance from a region in which its concentration is lower to one in which its concentration is higher. (b) Transport does not involve any pores or channels in membranes. (c) Transport proteins may be involved in bringing substances into cells.arrow_forwardDistinguish between simple diffusion (SD), facilitated diffusion (FD), and active transport (AT) across a membrane for the following questions. (a) Which processes are energy dependent? (b) Which processes need some kind of carrier protein(s)? (c) Which processes can be saturated by substrate? (d) Which processes can establish a concentration gradient? (e) How much energy does it take to transport an uncharged substrate in, if its starting inside concentration is 10-fold greater than outside?arrow_forward
- Diffusion is important in body fluids because this process tends to:(a) increase local concentration gradients. (b) eliminate local concentration gradients. (c) move substances against their concentration gradients. (d) create concentration gradients.arrow_forwardThe three fundamental classes of proteins involved in transport across membranes are: i) channelsii) pumpsiii) exchangers For each class, describe its essential features, explain how transport is accomplished and name at least one representative example.arrow_forwardTypically, there is an ion gradient between the cytoplasm and the interior of synaptic vesicles. The ion gradient has a functional role. Which of the following statements best describes the ion gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane and its role? a.) There is a proton gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter into the vesicle. b.) There is a sodium gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter into the vesicle. c.) There is a proton gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter out of the vesicle. d.) There is a sodium gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter out of the vesicle.arrow_forward
- A research student creates an artificial animal cell containing a 5M solution of glucose with a selectively permeable membrane that only allows water to cross it. She places the cell into a beaker of water. After an hour, what effect do you expect to observe? (a) Water moves out of the cell causing it to shrink. (b) Glucose moves out of the cell until equilibrium is reached. (c) Water moves into the cell causing it to lyse/burst. (d) Glucose moves into the cell by facilitated diffusion. (e) There is no net movement of water or glucose. Explain your answerarrow_forwardPart 1: If a gated channel (not a pump) is specific for potassium ions and based on what you know about concentration gradients, when will the potassium ions move through the channel? a) Is gated channel transport using energy (ATP)? Part 2: Why does the sodium - potassium pump need to use energy (ATP)? a) Define active transport in your own words.arrow_forwardPlease answer this question with the simplest answer and no more than five sentencesarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the sodium-potassium pump is correct? A) Both sodium and potassium move down their concentration gradient across the membrane B) 2 sodium ions are pumped out of the cell against their concentration gradient C) The sodium-potassium pump is a type of cotransport. D) ATP is used as an energy sourcearrow_forwardBelow are three statements - two of which are truths and one is a lie. Which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a.The primary active transport uses external chemical energy. b.The sodium-potassium pump which is an example of primary active transport is considered as the most important pump. c. In primary active transport, the energy is derived secondarily from energy that has been stored in the form of ionic concentration differences between the two sides of a membrane.arrow_forwardWhich answer is correct (a or b) for the question about why your hands and feet get wrinkled after staying in the bath for too long. a) the water and dissolved particles are drawn out of your skin by diffusion into the large body of water around you. b) the water is actually drawn into your skin by osmosis. explain why (a or b) is correct.arrow_forward
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