Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7.4, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To explain:
What will be the result of decreasing the
Concept introduction:
After the completion of the electron transport chain (ETC), oxidative phosphorylation happens on the basis of the chemiosmosis which states that an
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If isolated mitochondria are incubated with asource of electrons such as succinate, but without oxygen,electrons enter the respiratory chain, reducing each of theelectron carriers almost completely. When oxygen is thenintroduced, the carriers become oxidized at different rates(Figure Q14–1). How does this result allow you to order the electron carriers in the respiratory chain? What is theirorder?
As protons (H+) pass through the mitochondria inner membrane…
Question 10 options:
a)
Protons follow their concentration gradient.
b)
All the potential energy contained in the proton gradient is converted into ATP.
c)
Some of the potential energy contained in the proton gradient is converted into ATP and some is released as heat (i.e., unusable energy).
d)
Protons go up in potential energy level and ∆G > 0.
e)
A and C
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 7.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 7.1 - Name and describe the two ways in which ATP is...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7.2 - During step 6 in Figure 7.9, which molecule acts...Ch. 7.3 - Name the molecules that conserve most of the...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 7.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an...Ch. 7.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.6 - WHAT IF? During intense exercise, can a muscle...Ch. 7 - The immediate energy source that drives ATP...Ch. 7 - Which metabolic pathway is common to both...Ch. 7 - In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions A. are...Ch. 7 - The final electron acceptor of the electron...Ch. 7 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 7 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 7 - Most co, from catabolism is released during A....Ch. 7 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 7 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 7 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION ATP synthases are found in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 13TYU
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- It has been estimated that mitochondria occupy 20% of the volume in the human body. For a 70- kg adult, the average number of mitochondria has been estimated to be 1 × 10 (10,000 trillion). Using this information, provide a rough estimate of the average mass of a mitochondrion.arrow_forwardc) The pH values of the different compartments are shown below: Matrix Intermembrane space Cytosol pH 7.8 – 8.0 pH ~ 7.0pH 7.0 – 7.4 How can you explain these values in terms of what is known about mitochondrial function?arrow_forward1- (True or False) All cells have a plasma membrane comprised of phospholipids, cholesterol, and membrane proteins, but plants cells have an additional external cell wall made primarily of cellulose. 2- (True or False) Deoxyribose lacks an oxygen bound to the 2` carbon when compared to ribose. 3-(True or False) An initial step of photosynthesis is to utilize the sun’s energy to split water molecules into their component hydrogen and oxygen atoms. 4- (True or False) Adjacent nucleotides are joined by covalent bonds that form between the –OH group on the 3` carbon of one nucleotide and the phosphate on the 5` carbon on the next.arrow_forward
- a) At the organelle/molecular level inside a mitochondrion, wWhy do cells engaged in aerobic cellular respiration need O2? At what points during aerobic cellular resp is CO2 released? b) O2 and CO2 do not dissolve in water easily but cells must be moist to have functional phospholipid bilayers. For air breathers, moist lungs might collapse and stick together so what prevents this? c) Aquatic animals contend with the relatively lower O2 levels in water, but at least they don’t have to deal with ventilating lung. Complex gills like in fish maximize O2 exchange with a counter-current system ensuring there is always a gradient between the water and the blood. How does this ensure there is always a gradient between the water and the blood? (many people mix this up so think carefully)arrow_forwardImagine that you develop a procedure to measure the pH of in the matrix and the intermembrane space of a mitochondrion. What pattern of pH would you see? The pH in the intermembrane space will contain more H+ and have a lower pH compared to the matrix. The pH in the intermembrane space will contain more H+ and have a higher pH compared to the matrix. The pH within the matrix will contain more H+ and have a lower pH compared to the intermembrane space. The pH within the matrix will contain more H+ and have a higher pH compared to the intermembrane space.arrow_forwardMatch each item with the correct statement below concerning the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. You can choose a selection more than once. Question 61 options: Where do protons re-enter the mitochondrial matrix? What molecule is transported by facilitated diffusion? What are the electron donor molecules at the beginning of the chain? In what order are the components of the chain arranged? Where do electrons, protons, and oxygen meet to become water? What is the first protein complex of the chain? What moves into the intermembrane space? What accepts the electrons at the end of the chain? 1. increasing electronegativity 2. decreasing electronegativity 3. ATP 4. oxygen 5. protons 6. NADH/FADH2 7. NADH dehydrogenasearrow_forward
- 5arrow_forward2arrow_forwardAerobic respiration, used by the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? 6CO2 + 12H2S g C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O g 6CO2 + 12H2O C12H22O11 + H2O g C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 12H2O g C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 g C12H22O11 + H2Oarrow_forward
- 18. The figures below illustrate the similarities between ATP synthesis in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondrion A NADH H,0 H* ΑΙΡ ADP Inner Mitochondrial Membrane ΔΔ Chloroplast H2O H+ NADP+ NADPH H*. AA ΑΙΡ ADP P; Thylakoid Membrane A Hydrogen ion O Electron The figures can best assist in answering which of the following questions? (A) Do electron transport chains create a gradient so that ATP synthase can generate ATP molecules? (B) What are the sources of energy that drive mitochondrial and chloroplast electron transport systems? (C) What is the optimal temperature at which ATP synthase chemically converts ADP and a phosphate group into one molecule of ATP? (D) What is the evolutionary relationship between the ATP synthase in mitochondria and the ATP synthase in chloroplasts?arrow_forwardC6H1206 is oxidized and 02 is reduced. QUESTION 17 Cellular respiration is composed of several different stages. a) Name the different stages. b) What is the purpose of each stage to cellular respiration c) What comes in and what comes out of each stage? TTTT Paragraph 3 (12pt) 只i公 Arial T T HTML CSS O fx Mashups Save All A Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. MacBook Pro 向 IIarrow_forward18. The figures below illustrate the similarities between ATP synthesis in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondrion NADH H,0 Δ H*. ATP ADP P; Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Chloroplast H,O NADP+ NADPH H* H+- ATP ADP Thylakoid Membrane A A Hydrogen ion O Electron The figures can best assist in answering which of the following questions? (A) Do electron transport chains create a gradient so that ATP synthase can generate ATP molecules? (B) What are the sources of energy that drive mitochondrial and chloroplast electron transport systems? (C) What is the optimal temperature at which ATP synthase chemically converts ADP and a phosphate group into one molecule of ATP? (D) What is the evolutionary relationship between the ATP synthase in mitochondria and the ATP synthase in chloroplasts? A +B + energy → AB 19. Which of the following best characterizes the reaction represented above? (A) Hydrolysis (B) Catabolism (C) Oxidationreduction (D) Exergonic reaction (E) Endergonic reactionarrow_forward
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