Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 11TYU
FOCUS ON EVOLUTION
ATP synthases are found in the prokaryotic plasma membrane and in mitochondria and chloroplasts.
- a. Propose a hypothesis to account for an evolutionary relationship of these eukaryotic organelles and prokaryotes.
- b. Explain how the amino acid sequences of the ATP synthases from the different sources might either support or fail to support your hypothesis.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 7.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 7.1 - Name and describe the two ways in which ATP is...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7.2 - During step 6 in Figure 7.9, which molecule acts...Ch. 7.3 - Name the molecules that conserve most of the...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 7.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an...Ch. 7.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.6 - WHAT IF? During intense exercise, can a muscle...Ch. 7 - The immediate energy source that drives ATP...Ch. 7 - Which metabolic pathway is common to both...Ch. 7 - In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions A. are...Ch. 7 - The final electron acceptor of the electron...Ch. 7 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 7 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 7 - Most co, from catabolism is released during A....Ch. 7 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 7 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 7 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION ATP synthases are found in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 7 - Prob. 13TYU
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- . Which of the following characteristics of chloroplastsand/or mitochondria make them seem more similar tobacterial cells than to eukaryotic cells?a. Translation is sensitive to chloramphenicol anderythromycin.b. Alternate codons are used in mitochondria genes.c. Introns are present in organelle genes.d. DNA in organelles is not arranged innucleosomes.arrow_forwardKindly put the correct letter.arrow_forward3arrow_forward
- c) The pH values of the different compartments are shown below: Matrix Intermembrane space Cytosol pH 7.8 – 8.0 pH ~ 7.0pH 7.0 – 7.4 How can you explain these values in terms of what is known about mitochondrial function?arrow_forwardATP Synthase contains with in it one of the most conserved residues in a protein we know. Asp 61. This is the amino acid that carries the proton. a. Why would this residue be so highly conserved? What would happen if a mutation occurred that would change Asp to Ala? b. At the end of one spin of ATP synthase when the proton is in a position to leave to the intermembrane space the Asp comes into close contact with another very highly conserved residue Arg 210. Explain how this Arg residue could help the proton attached to Asp to leave. Hint think pKa Answer both parts with good explanationarrow_forwardCan someon make this into a modelarrow_forward
- 12. Use Figure 4 for questions a-c below. 114 ATP synthase matrix intermembrane space Figure 4: Sketch of a mitochondrion https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Schema mitochondrion basic.svg Bionet, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons a. Add to the sketch to show a H* concentration gradient in an active mitochondrion. (Sketch more H* in the appropriate space. Sketch less H* in the appropriate space.) 4+ b. Sketch an arrow to represent the direction that protons flow (via diffusion) through ATP synthase. c. If the concentration of protons was equal on each side of the membrane, how would that affect the flow of protons through ATP synthase? How would that affect ATP production from glucose?arrow_forwardThe complete catabolism of one molecule of C6H12O6 into carbon dioxide and water produces a larger amount of ATP in aerobic prokaryotes than it does in aerobic eukaryotes because aerobic prokaryotes: A. always produce ethanol rather than lactic acid as a byproduct B. generate more molecules of NADH during aerobic respiration C. have no transport costs to get NADH into mitochondria D. generate more molecules of FADH2 during aerobic respiration E. are able to use pyruvate as a substrate for fermentationarrow_forwardMany molecules move across membranes by diffusion. Which of the following statements related to membrane diffusion is correct? A. Although they require ATP, ABC transporters move molecules by diffusion. B. For large molecules, facilitated diffusion is often slower than simple diffusion. C. To support photosynthesis, CO2 gets into the Chlamy chloroplast through facilitated diffusion. D. Diffusion is an exergonic (-ΔG) process.arrow_forward
- Step 2 Part A: Where did the extra oxygen come from for the 12 oxygen required to make 4 molecules of Lactate? Also does the phosphorylation of ADP to make ATP create 1 H2O molecule per molecule of ADP? If so, where did the other 4 molecules of H2O go?arrow_forwardhelparrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are correct? Explain your answers.A. Many, but not all, electron-transfer reactions involve metal ions.B. The electron-transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the matrix.C. The electrochemical proton gradient consists of two components: a pH difference and an electrical potential.D. Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both diffusible electron carriers.E. Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria.arrow_forward
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