Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 7.3, Problem 12CYP
12. Compare the effects of isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions on an amoeba and on a bacterial cell. If a cell lives in a hypotonic environment, what will occur if it is placed in a hypertonic one? Answer for the opposite case as well.
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Students have asked these similar questions
1. Using the figure below of a cell in an aqueous solution, draw an arrow that represents the net
direction of the movement of water molecules across the plasma membrane, into the cell or out
of the cell?
Cell Exterior
Cell Interior
Plasma Membrane
= Solute Molecules (the number of green dots
represents relative concentration of solute
molecules inside and outside the cell.)
2. Is the cell in question 1 above in a hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic solution?
I.
On this table, show in diagram or illustration how cells behave in different
conditions
Hypotonic
Solution
2. Lysing
Hypertonic
solution
3.Shriveled
Type of cell
Isotonic
Solution
1. Normal cell
Animal cell
4. Flaccid
5. Turgid
|6. Plasmolyzed
Plant cell
1.Base on your understanding of plant and animal cell osmosis, what condition do you think plant cells prefer?
2. What condition do you think animal cells prefer?
Consider the question: How is solute concentration related to the change in the weight of plant cells (like potato cells)?
5. Write a hypothesis from the above question. Write one if statement and make three predictions(then statements) regarding how the cell will change (weight) in (1) hypertonic,(2) hypotonic, and (3) isotonic conditions:
Chapter 7 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 7.1 - 1. Describe the major environmental factors to...Ch. 7.1 - 2. Define nutrition and nutrients and their...Ch. 7.1 - 3. Differentiate between organic and inorganic...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 4ELOCh. 7.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 7.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 7.1 - 3. List the general functions of the essential...Ch. 7.1 - 4. Define growth factors and metallic ions with...Ch. 7.2 - 5. Describe the main categories of nutritional...Ch. 7.2 - 6. Distinguish different types of autotrophs and...
Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 7.2 - 5. Compare autotrophs and heterotrophs with...Ch. 7.2 - 6. Describe the nutritional strategy of two types...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 7.2 - Prob. 8CYPCh. 7.3 - 8. Describe the basic factors in diffusion and...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 9ELOCh. 7.3 - 10. Analyze adaptations microbes make in response...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 11ELOCh. 7.3 - 9. Compare and contrast passive and active forms...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 7.3 - 11. Explain the differences between facilitated...Ch. 7.3 - 12. Compare the effects of isotonic, hypotonic,...Ch. 7.4 - 12. Differentiate between habitat and niche.Ch. 7.4 - 13. Describe the range of temperatures a microbe...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 16ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 17ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 7.4 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 7.4 - 15. Explain what it means to be an obligate...Ch. 7.4 - 16. Where in the body are anaerobic habitats apt...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 7.5 - 18. Outline the types of associations among...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 19ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 21ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 22ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 7.5 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 7.5 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 7.5 - 21. Relate several advantages to communication...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 23ELOCh. 7.6 - 24. Describe the process of population growth and...Ch. 7.6 - 25. Explain the stages in the population growth...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 26ELOCh. 7.6 - 22. What is microbial growth? Explain the stages...Ch. 7.6 - 23. Why is growth called exponential? What causes...Ch. 7.6 - 24. Contrast two different methods of detecting...Ch. 7.6 - 25. Explain the relationship between colony counts...Ch. 7.L1 - 1. An organic nutrient essential to an...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 7.L1 - 3. An organism that can synthesize all its...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 7.L1 - 6. Which of the following substances are required...Ch. 7.L1 - 7. A pathogen would most accurately be described...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 7.L1 - 12. Which of the following is not involved in...Ch. 7.L1 - 13. Superoxide ion is toxic to strict anaerobes...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 7.L1 - 15. In a viable plate count, each ____ represents...Ch. 7.L1 - 16. The stage in population growth with the...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 7.L1 - 5. a. What biochemical events in quorum sensing...Ch. 7.L1 - 6. Explain what is happening to the population at...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 7WCCh. 7.L2 - 1. a. Is there a microbe that could grow on a...Ch. 7.L2 - 2. Describe how one might determine the nutrient...Ch. 7.L2 - 3. Patients with ketoacidosis associated with...Ch. 7.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 7.L2 - 5. Provide some suggestions for treating anaerobic...Ch. 7.L2 - Prob. 6CTCh. 7.L2 - Prob. 7CTCh. 7.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 7.L2 - 9. Describe the similarities and differences...Ch. 7.L2 - 1. Place appropriate points on the axes and draw...Ch. 7.L2 - Prob. 2VC
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements is true for the figure in question 8? a. The net movement of solutes is into the cell. b. There is no concentration gradient. c. There is a potential for plasmolysis. d. The solvent will move against its concentration gradient. e. If this were a plant cell, turgor pressure would be maintained.arrow_forwardHow come c) is the answer? Wouldn't the fresh water be a hypertonic solution because it would allow water to osmose out of the celery stalk and would make it 'harder' as there is less water?arrow_forwardIf a bacterial cell is placed in a hypertonic (hyperosmotic) solution: There is no net movement of water either into or out of the cell O O Water moves through the plasma membrane out of the cell, causing plasmolysis The cell may undergo osmotic lysis Water moves through the plasma membrane into the cell None of the other four answers describes what happens in a hypertonic solutionarrow_forward
- A wilted flower placed in a vase of fresh hwater for several hours became stiff and stood erect. When it was placed in a salt solution, it wilted. From this information, which of the following statements BEST describes the cells of the flower? Group of answer choices hypotonic to both freshwater and the salt solution hypertonic to freshwater but hypotonic to the salt solution hypertonic to both the freshwater and the salt solution hypotonic to freshwater but hypertonic to the salt solutionarrow_forwardFill in the blanks using the following terms: more, less, equal, in, out, zero, plasmolyze, swell, stay the same. 1. If plant cells are placed in a hypertonic solution which has _ solute and _ solvent than the cells, the net movement of water will be _ and the cells will _. 2. If plant cells are placed in a hypotonic solution which has _ solute and the _ solvent than the cells, the net movement of water will be _ and the cells will _. 3. If plant cells are placed in an isotonic solution which has a solution _ in concetration to the cell, the net movement of water will be _ and the cell will _.arrow_forward8. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is often used as an isotonic solution to keep cells happy and alive. Though recipes vary, PBS typically contains 157 mM Na* and 4.5 mM K+, yet inside of the cell that ratio is switched (there is approximately 150 mM K* and only about 10 mM Nat). Why is PBS still considered isotonic? That is, why does putting cells into PBS not create a lot of osmotic pressure?arrow_forward
- Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff. Similar stalks left in a 0.15 M salt solution become limp. From this we can deduce that the fresh water_____. and the salt solution are both hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks is hypotonic and the salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks is hypertonic and the salt solution is hypotonic to the cells of the celery stalks is isotonic and the salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalksarrow_forwardWhich solution is most hypertonic? And which solution is most hypotonic?arrow_forward1. The cells of a celery stick have a salt concentration of 1% and a nucleic acid concentration of 4%. The celery stick is placed into a glass of salt water solution. The solution contains a salt concentration of 0.6% and a nucleic acid concentration of 6%. The salt can pass through the membrane, but the mucleic acids cannot. a) Describe the movement of the ions and the end results. Use appropriate terminology to explain your answer. b) Draw a labeled diagram of the movement of water (assume that only the substances mentioned can influence the movement of water).arrow_forward
- 1) We measured weights before and after soaking a potato in water of different salinities to demonstrate osmosis. There are many other types of membrane transport (as we learned from the Amoeba Sisters!), each with their role in maintaining homeostasis and providing energy, communication, and waste removal for the cell. So why dwell on osmosis? There are some practical bigger- picture things to consider. Choose one of the following scenarios. Describe the scenario. Describe the chain of events terms of tonicity_and movement of water into or out of cells represented by the scenario. Describe the predicted outcomes for the cells/organisms involved. What happens when you dry brine a turkey before cooking? ● • What happens to organisms in soil near salted roads when snow melt and rains occur? Why is sugar considered a good preservative? What is the challenge of heavy rains along the Mississippi River for organisms in the Gulf of Mexico? ● • What happens to fruit when you add sugar? ●arrow_forward28. What could be inferred about the level of concentration of the solution inside and outside of the cell in Solution C before any movement of water had taken place? A. The percentage of solution concentration inside and outside the cell is equal B. The percentage of solution concentration inside and outside the cell is constant. C. The percentage of solution concentration inside the cell is greater than outside the cell D. The percentage of solution concentration inside the cell is lesser than outside the cellarrow_forwardSuppose you have a cell from a freshwater fish that is isotonic with its surrounding environment, with a K+ concentration inside the cell of 0.05M. You then immerse this cell in saltwater where the K+ concentration is 0.25M. What would you predict will happen to the cell? a)Water will move into the cell, and the cell will swell and burst b)Water will move out of the cell, and the cell will shrink c)Water will move in and out of the cell with no net change in concentration, and the cell will remain the same size d)The cell wall will prevent the cell from changing sizearrow_forward
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