Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134110684
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus)
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 7CQ
A small car is pushing a large truck. They are speeding up. Is the force of the truck on the car larger than, smaller than, or equal to the force of the car on the truck?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
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Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
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Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
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?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
Ch. 7 - You find yourself in the middle of a frozen lake...Ch. 7 - How does a sprinter sprint? What is the forward...Ch. 7 - How does a rocket take off? What is the upward...Ch. 7 - How do basketball players jump straight up into...Ch. 7 - A mosquito collides head-on with a car traveling...Ch. 7 - A mosquito collides head-on with a car traveling...Ch. 7 - A small car is pushing a large truck. They are...Ch. 7 - A very smart 3-year-old child is given a wagon for...Ch. 7 - Teams red blue are having a tug-of-war. According...Ch. 7 - Will hanging a magnet in front of the iron cart in...
Ch. 7 - FIGURE Q7.11 shows two masses at rest. The string...Ch. 7 - FIGURE Q7.12 shows two masses at rest. The string...Ch. 7 - The hand in FIGURE Q7.13 is pushing on the back of...Ch. 7 - A and B in FIGURE Q7.14 are connected by a...Ch. 7 - In case a in FIGURE Q7.15, block A is accelerated...Ch. 7 - For Exercises 1 through 5: a. Draw an interaction...Ch. 7 - For Exercises 1 through 5: a. Draw an interaction...Ch. 7 - For Exercises I through 5: a. Draw an interaction...Ch. 7 - For Exercises 1 through 5: a. Draw an interaction...Ch. 7 - For Exercises 1 through 5: a. Draw an interaction...Ch. 7 - a. How much force does an 80 kg astronaut exert on...Ch. 7 - Block B in FIGURE EX7.7 rests on a surface for...Ch. 7 - A 1000 kg car pushes a 2000 kg truck that has a...Ch. 7 - with masses of 1 kg, 2 kg, and 3 kg are lined up...Ch. 7 - A 3000 kg meteorite falls toward the earth. What...Ch. 7 - The foot of a 55 kg sprinter is on the ground for...Ch. 7 - A steel cable lying flat on the floor drags a 20...Ch. 7 - An 80 kg spacewalking astronaut pushes off a 640...Ch. 7 - The sled dog in FIGURE EX7.14 drags sleds A and B...Ch. 7 - Two-thirds of the weight of a 1500 kg car rests on...Ch. 7 - FIGURE EX7.16 shows two 1.0 kg blocks connected by...Ch. 7 - What is the tension in the rope of Figure EX7.17?...Ch. 7 - A 2.0-m-long, 500 g rope pulls a 10 kg block of...Ch. 7 - A woman living in a third-story apartment is...Ch. 7 - Two blocks are attached to opposite ends of a...Ch. 7 - The cable cars in San Francisco are pulled along...Ch. 7 - A 2.0 kg rope hangs from the ceiling. What is the...Ch. 7 - A mobile at the art museum has a 2.0 kg steel cat...Ch. 7 - The 1.0 kg block in FIGURE EX7.24 is tied to the...Ch. 7 - The 100 kg block in FIGURE EX7.25 takes 6.0 s to...Ch. 7 - FIGURE P7.26 shows two strong magnets on opposite...Ch. 7 - FIGURE P7.27 shows a 6.0 N force pushing two...Ch. 7 - 28. A rope of length L and mass m is suspended...Ch. 7 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 7 - 30. A Federation starship (2.0 × 106 kg) uses its...Ch. 7 - Your forehead can withstand a force of about 6.0...Ch. 7 - Bob, who has a mass of 75 kg, can throw a 500 g...Ch. 7 - Two packages at UPS start sliding down the 20°...Ch. 7 - The two blocks in FIGURE P7.34 are sliding down...Ch. 7 - The coefficient of static friction is 0.60 between...Ch. 7 - The block of mass M in FIGURE P7.36 slides on a...Ch. 7 - The 10.2 kg block in FIGURE P7.37 is held in place...Ch. 7 - The coefficient of kinetic friction between the...Ch. 7 - FIGURE P7.39 shows a block of mass m resting on a...Ch. 7 - A4.0 kg box is on a frictionless 35° slope and is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 7 - The 2000 kg cable car shown in FIGURE P7.42...Ch. 7 - The century-old ascensores in Valparaiso, Chile,...Ch. 7 - A 3200 kg helicopter is flying horizontally. A 250...Ch. 7 - A house painter uses the chair-and-pulley...Ch. 7 - A long, 1.0 kg rope hangs from a support that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 7 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 7 - Find an expression for the magnitude of the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 7 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 7 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 7 - The lower block in FIGURE CP7.53 is pulled on by a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 7 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 7 - A 40-cm-diameter, 50-cm-tall, 15 kg hollow...Ch. 7 - 57. FIGURE CP7.57 shows a 200 g hamster sitting on...Ch. 7 - Prob. 58EAP
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- ■ Review | Constants A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas). Part A The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in temperature. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ AT = Submit Request Answer Part B ? K Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change. AT = Π ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer Provide Feedback ? K Nextarrow_forward4. I've assembled the following assortment of point charges (-4 μC, +6 μC, and +3 μC) into a rectangle, bringing them together from an initial situation where they were all an infinite distance away from each other. Find the electric potential at point "A" (marked by the X) and tell me how much work it would require to bring a +10.0 μC charge to point A if it started an infinite distance away (assume that the other three charges remains fixed). 300 mm -4 UC "A" 0.400 mm +6 UC +3 UC 5. It's Friday night, and you've got big party plans. What will you do? Why, make a capacitor, of course! You use aluminum foil as the plates, and since a standard roll of aluminum foil is 30.5 cm wide you make the plates of your capacitor each 30.5 cm by 30.5 cm. You separate the plates with regular paper, which has a thickness of 0.125 mm and a dielectric constant of 3.7. What is the capacitance of your capacitor? If you connect it to a 12 V battery, how much charge is stored on either plate? =arrow_forwardLearning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation pV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, PV T = constant. One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant, it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas: At least one more parameter would also change. For instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change. To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a graph showing one parameter as a function of the other. Although there are many choices of axes, the most common one is a plot of pressure as a function of volume: a pV diagram. In this problem, you…arrow_forward
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