Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696527
Author: J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 7, Problem 7.8P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The equation of throat velocity should be derived for converging/diverging nozzle when an ideal gas with constant heat capacities enters into it and expands isentropically.
Concept introduction:
A converging/diverging nozzle is a decreasing and increasing area nozzle that starts with a big cross- sectional area and decreases with the length of the nozzle till throat and then increases again. Due to mass conservation fluid enters from the smaller cross-section has to speed up till throat, then decreases as the area increases, which shows us that the velocity is maximum in the throat due to a smaller cross-section.
Fig. Converging/Diverging nozzle
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
graphically +material balance
1000 Kg/hr on an acetone water mixture containing 10% of acetone is to be extracted with
trichloroethane. The recovered solvent to be used is free of acetone. If 95% recovery of acetone is desired, the
equilibrium relationship is given by kg acetone/kg trichloroethane 1.65 kg acetone/kg water.
Estimate the number of stages required if 1.5 times the minimum solvent is used when: -
a-
b-
Cross-current is to be extracted.
b- Counter-current is to be extracted.
use Graphically
1000 Kg/hr on an acetone water mixture containing 10% of acetone is to be extracted with
trichloroethane. The recovered solvent to be used is free of acetone. If 95% recovery of acetone is desired, the
equilibrium relationship is given by kg acetone/kg trichloroethane 1.65 kg acetone/kg water.
Estimate the number of stages required if 1.5 times the minimum solvent is used when: -
Cross-current is to be extracted.
a-
b-
b- Counter-current is to be extracted.
A solution of 5% acetaldehyde in toluene is to be extracted with water in five stage co-current operation.
If 25kg/100kg feed is used, what is the mass of acetaldehyde extracted and the final concentration?
The Equilibrium relation is given by: kg acetaldehyde /kg water = 2.2 kg acetaldehyde / kg toluene.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.1PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.2PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.3PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.4PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.5PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.6PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.7PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.8PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.9PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.10P
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.11PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.12PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.13PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.14PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.15PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.16PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.17PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.18PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.19PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.20PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.21PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.22PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.23PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.24PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.25PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.26PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.27PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.28PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.29PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.30PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.31PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.32PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.33PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.34PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.35PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.36PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.37PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.38PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.39PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.40PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.41PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.42PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.43PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.44PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.45PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.46PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.47PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.49PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.50PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.51PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.52PCh. 7 - Liquids (identified below) at 25°C are completely...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.54PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.55PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.56PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.57P
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Feed mixture weighing 200 kg of unknown composition containing water, acetic acid, isopropyl ether is contacted in a single stage with 280kg mixture containing 40wt% acetic acid. 10wt% water and 50wt% isopropyl ether. The resulting raffinate layer weight 320 kg and containing 29.5wt% acetic acid, 66.5 wt% water and 4wt% isopropyl ether. Determine the composition of the original feed mixture and the extract layer Water layer Isopropyl ether layer acetic acid water Isopropyl ether acetic acid water Isopropyl ether 0 98.8 1.2 0 0.6 99.4 0.69 98.1 1.2 0.18 0.5 99.3 1.41 97.1 1.5 0.37 0.7 98.9 2.89 95.5 1.6 0.79 0.8 98.4 6.42 91.7 1.9 1.93 1 97.1 13.3 84.4 2.3 4.82 1.9 93.3 25.5 71.1 3.4 11.4 3.9 84.7 36.7 58.9 4.4 21.6 6.9 71.5 44.3 5.1 10.6 31.1 10.8 58.5 46.4 37.1 16.5 36.2 15.1 48.7arrow_forward2000 Kg/hr on an acetone water mixture containing 10% of acetone is to be extracted with trichloroethane. The recovered solvent to be used is free of acetone. If 95% recovery of acetone is desired, the equilibrium relationship is given by kg acetone/kg trichloroethane 1.65 kg acetone/kg water. Estimate the number of stages required if 1.5 times the minimum solvent is used when: - a- Cross-current is to be extracted. b- b- Counter-current is to be extracted.arrow_forward2/1000kg/h of an acetone - water mixture containing 20wt% by weight of acetone is to be counter currently extracted with trichloroethane. The recovered solvent to be used is free from acetone. The water and trichloroethane are insoluble. If 90% recovery of acetone is desired estimate the number of stages required if 1.5 times the minimum solvent is used. The kg acetone/kg extract=1.65 kg water/kg raffinate. a- Repeat the calculation of A if the solvent used has purity of 98.5%. b- If co-current extractor is used instead of counter-current extractor in A and B estimate the number of stages required if equal amount of solvent used in each stage.arrow_forward
- Water is pumped from a large reservoir to a point 75 feet higher than the reservoir. How many feet of head must be added by the pump if 7600 lbm/hr flows through a 6-inch pipe and the frictional head loss is 3 feet? The density of the fluid is 60 lbm/ft³ and the pump efficiency is 70%. Assume the kinetic energy correction factor equals 1.arrow_forwardA firefighter is using a large water tank to supply water for extinguishing a fire. The tank has a small hole at the bottom, and water is leaking out due to gravity. The hole is located 2.5 meters below the water surface inside the tank. a. Determine the speed at which the water exits the hole. Assume there is no air resistance and that the water flow is ideal (neglect viscosity and turbulence). b. If the hole has a diameter of 2 cm, calculate the flow rate (discharge rate) in liters per second.arrow_forwardWhat kind of boundary must a system have to undergo the stated Interaction with its surroundings if possible ( mention the 3 qualities of the boundary in each case A. WORK INTERACTIONS ONLY B. MASS AND HEAT INTERACTIONS ONLY C. HEAT INTERACTIONS ONLY IS THIS POSSIBLE, EXPLAIN. D. WORK AND MASS INTERACTIONS ONLY. E. WORK AND HEAT INTERACTIONS ONLY F. MASS INTERACTIONS ONLY. IS THIS POSSIBLE OR NOT. EXPLAINarrow_forward
- Answer the questionsarrow_forwardFigure below shows a portion of a fire protection system in which apump draws water at 60 F from a reservoir and delivers it to point B at the flow rate of 1500 gal/min a). Calculate the required height of the water level in the tank in order to maintain 5.0 psig pressure at point A. Answer: h = 12,6 ft b). Assuming that the pressure at A is 5.0 psig, calculate the power delivered by the pump to the water in order to maintain the pressure at point B at 85 kPa. Include energy lost due to friction but neglect any other energy losses. P₁ =19,2 hparrow_forwardWater at 60° F is being pumped from a stream to a reservoir whose surface is 210 ft above the pump. The pipe from the pump to the reservoir is an 8-in Schedule 40 steel pipe 2500 ft long. The pressure at the pump inlet is - 2,36 psig. If 4.00 ft³/s is being pumped, a). Compute the pressure at the outlet of the pump. Answer: 0,997 MPa b). Compute the power delivered by the pump to the water. Answer: 151 hp Consider the friction loss in the discharged line, but neglect other lossesarrow_forward
- 1. Consider a mixture of 2.5.0% ethane, 2.0% butane, and 1.7% n-pentane by volume.a. Estimate the LFL and UFL of the mixture. Is it flammable?b. Estimate the LOC for this mixture.arrow_forwardEstimate the LFL and UFL for propylene using Equations 6-10 and 6-11 in the textbook,and compare these to the experimental values given in the table in Appendix B.arrow_forward1. Determine the minimum compression ratio required to raise the temperature of air overhexane to its AIT. Assume an initial temperature of 20°C.2. Ethanol is kept in a storage vessel that is vented with air (at 25°C and 1 atm). Is theequilibrium mixture of vapor above the liquid and air flammable? What if the liquid isacetone instead?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9781259696527Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark SwihartPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9780133887518Author:H. Scott FoglerPublisher:Prentice Hall
Industrial Plastics: Theory and ApplicationsChemical EngineeringISBN:9781285061238Author:Lokensgard, ErikPublisher:Delmar Cengage Learning
Unit Operations of Chemical EngineeringChemical EngineeringISBN:9780072848236Author:Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter HarriottPublisher:McGraw-Hill Companies, The
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami...
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9781118431221
Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:WILEY
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed...
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9780133887518
Author:H. Scott Fogler
Publisher:Prentice Hall
Industrial Plastics: Theory and Applications
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9781285061238
Author:Lokensgard, Erik
Publisher:Delmar Cengage Learning
Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9780072848236
Author:Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter Harriott
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Companies, The