Chapter 7, Problem 7.88P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason the radiation of wavelength $329\text{ nm}$ is used to measure the concentration of vitamin A is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The study of the absorption and emission of electromagnetic radiations by atoms is called atomic spectroscopy. The electrons in an atom absorb radiations with different energies in order to jump from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. As the electron moves to a higher energy level, its distance from the nucleus increases. An absorption spectrum is observed as a series of dark lines whereas an emission spectrum is observed as a series of colorful lines on a dark background.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The region of the spectrum where $329\text{ nm}$ wavelength radiation lies is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Electromagnetic waves are radiations that are formed by oscillating electric and magnetic fields. The electric and magnetic field components of an electromagnetic wave are perpendicular to each other. The general properties of electromagnetic waves are as follows:

1) Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light.

2) Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature.

3) Electromagnetic waves may be polarized.

4) Electromagnetic waves are not deflected by an electric or magnetic field.

5) Electromagnetic waves need no medium for propagation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The vitamin A concentration in the fish liver oil is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The study of the absorption and emission of electromagnetic radiations by atoms is called atomic spectroscopy. The electrons in an atom absorb radiations with different energies in order to jump from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. As the electron moves to a higher energy level, its distance from the nucleus increases. An absorption spectrum is observed as a series of dark lines whereas an emission spectrum is observed as a series of colorful lines on a dark background.