LCPO CHEMISTRY W/MODIFIED MASTERING
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780135214756
Author: Robinson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 7.36CP
The following ball-and-stick molecular model is a representation of acetaminophen, the active ingredient in such over-the-counter headache remedies as Tylenol.
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3. (a) Draw a resonance structure for Molecule 1 in Box B, which satisfies the octet for all non-
hydrogen atoms. Hint you may want to use curved arrows to move electrons over the skeleton of
Molecule 3 to help you find the resonance structure.
H
H
H
H
Molecule 1
H
H
3. (b) Fill in the table below for Molecule 1
Box B: Resonance Structure of Molecule 1
VSEPR electron pair
geometry around
atom
Molecular geometry
Approximate bond
or shape around atom angles around atom
N atom
CH3 C atom
CH C atoms
3. (c) Given the information that resonating electrons are delocalized and so are not used to
determine VSEPR geometry, how will the table you filled in for 3.(b) change?
(a) Write a condensed formula for the
VSEPR diagram given on the right.
There may be more than one answer.
H
H.
I
HH
HH
HH
H
(b) Does the species have resonance structures that do not violate the octet rule? Explain.
How many bonds and lone pairs are typically observed with each element: (a) O; (b) Te?
Chapter 7 Solutions
LCPO CHEMISTRY W/MODIFIED MASTERING
Ch. 7 - Use the electro negativity values in Figure 7.4...Ch. 7 - Conceptual APPLY 7.2 An electrostatic potential...Ch. 7 - The dipole moment of AgCI in the gas phaseis...Ch. 7 - Predict which bond has greater percent ionic...Ch. 7 - Select the correct electron-dot structure for H2S...Ch. 7 - Use the octet rule to predict the molecular...Ch. 7 - Identify the correct electron-dot structure for...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for each of the...Ch. 7 - Select the correct electron-dot structure for...Ch. 7 - Identify the correct electron-dot structure(s) for...
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.11PCh. 7 - Which oxygen species do you predict to be most...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for the following...Ch. 7 - There are two molecules with the formula C2H6O...Ch. 7 - The following structure is a representation of...Ch. 7 - Draw two possible electron-dot structures for the...Ch. 7 - Called “laughing gas, nitrous oxide (N2O) is...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as possible for...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.19PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.20ACh. 7 - Calculate the formal charge on each atom in the...Ch. 7 - Start with the electron-dot structure for the...Ch. 7 - Calculate formal charges on the C and O atoms in...Ch. 7 - Three resonance structures for anisole (Problem...Ch. 7 - The toxicity of the organophosphate insecticides...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.26PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.27PCh. 7 - The following structure is a representation of the...Ch. 7 - The electron-dot structure for the nerve a gentsar...Ch. 7 - Draw the new electron-dot structures indicated by...Ch. 7 - The following diagram shows the potential energy...Ch. 7 - The following diagram shows the potential energy...Ch. 7 - Two electrostatic potential maps are shown, one of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.34CPCh. 7 - Which of the following drawings is most likely to...Ch. 7 - The following ball-and-stick molecular model is a...Ch. 7 - The following hall-and-stick molecular model is a...Ch. 7 - Sinapaldehyde, a compound present in the toasted...Ch. 7 - Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) has the following...Ch. 7 - Match the following descriptions with the type of...Ch. 7 - Why do two atoms come together to form a covalent...Ch. 7 - Explain the difference in the bond dissociation...Ch. 7 - Explain the difference in the bond dissociation...Ch. 7 - Predict which of the following bonds should be...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.45SPCh. 7 - What general trends in electro negativity occur in...Ch. 7 - Predict the electro negativity of the undiscovered...Ch. 7 - Order the following elements according to...Ch. 7 - Order the following elements according to...Ch. 7 - Which of the following substances contain bonds...Ch. 7 - Use the electro negativity data in Figure 7.4 to...Ch. 7 - Show the direction of polarity for each of the...Ch. 7 - Show the direction of polarity for each of the...Ch. 7 - Which of the substances...Ch. 7 - Which of the substances...Ch. 7 - Order the following compounds according to the...Ch. 7 - Order the following compounds according to the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.58SPCh. 7 - Using only the elements Ca, Cl, and Si, give...Ch. 7 - The dipole moment of BrCl is 0.518 D, and the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.61SPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.62SPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.63SPCh. 7 - Why does the octet rule apply primarily to...Ch. 7 - Which of the following substances contains an atom...Ch. 7 - Draw electron-dot structures for the following...Ch. 7 - Draw electron-dot structures for the following...Ch. 7 - Identify the correct electron-dot structure for...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron.dot structure for the hydronium...Ch. 7 - Oxalic acid, H2C2O4 , is a mildly poisonous...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for carbon...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.72SPCh. 7 - Identify the fourth-row elements, X, that form the...Ch. 7 - Write electron-dot structures for molecules with...Ch. 7 - Write electron-dot structures for molecules with...Ch. 7 - Which compound do you expect to have the stronger...Ch. 7 - Which compound do you expect to have the stronger...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for each of the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.79SPCh. 7 - Methylphenidate (C14H19NO2) , marketed as Ritalin,...Ch. 7 - Pregabalin (C8H17NO2) , marketed as Lyric a, is an...Ch. 7 - The following molecular model is that of...Ch. 7 - Ibuprofen C 13 H 18 O 2 marketed under such brand...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can that...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can for...Ch. 7 - Which of the following pairs of structures...Ch. 7 - Which of the following pairs of structures...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can that...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can that...Ch. 7 - Benzene has the following structural formula. Use...Ch. 7 - Draw three resonance structures for sulfur...Ch. 7 - Some mothballs used when storing clothes are made...Ch. 7 - Four different structures (a), (b), (c), and (d)...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for carbon...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Calculate formal charges for the C and O atoms in...Ch. 7 - Draw two electron-dot resonance structures that...Ch. 7 - Draw two electron-dot resonance structures that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.102SPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.103SPCh. 7 - Boron trifluoride reacts with dimethyl ether to...Ch. 7 - Thiofulminic acid, HCNS, has recently been...Ch. 7 - Draw two rcsonancc strutur for methyl isocyanate,...Ch. 7 - In the cyanatc ion. OCN , carbon is the central...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.108MPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.109MPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.110MPCh. 7 - The neutral OH molecule has been implicated in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.112MPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.113MP
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- hat does it mean to say that a bond is polar? Give two examples of molecules with polar bonds. Indicate in your examples the direction of the polarity.arrow_forward3-127 Amoxicillin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. Consider the skeletal structure of amoxicillin (y refer to the structure at bottom of page). Where all the bonded atoms are shown but double bonds, triple bonds, and/or lone pairs are missing: (a) Complete the structure of amoxicillin. (b) Identify the various types of geometries present in each central atom using VSEPR theory (e) Determine the various relative bond angles as sociated with each central atom using VSEPR theory. (d) What is the most polar bond in Amoxicillin? (e) Would you predict amoxicillin to be polar or nonpolar? (f) Is amoxicillin expected to possess resonance? Explain why or why not. V Chemical structure for problem 3-127arrow_forward3-120 Vinyl chloride is the starting material for the production of poly(vinyl chloride), abbreviated PVC. Its recycling code is “V”. The major use of PVC is for tubing in residential and commercial construction (Section 12-7). (a) Complete the Lewis structure for vinyl chloride by showing all unshared pairs of electrons. (b) Predict the HCH, HCC, and ClCH bond angles in this molecule. (c) Does vinyl chloride have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?arrow_forward
- 3-106 Consider the structure of Penicillin G shown below, an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by gram-positive organisms, derived from Penicillium fungi: (a) Identify the various types of geometries present in each central atom using VSEPR theory. (b) Determine the various relative bond angles associated with each central atom using VSEPR theory (c) Which is the most poiar bond in Penicillin G? (d) Would you predict Penicillin G to be polar or nonpolar?arrow_forward3-122 Some of the following structural formulas are incorrect because they contain one or more atoms that do not have their normal number of covalent bonds. Which structural formulas are incorrect, and which atom or atoms in each have the incorrect number of bonds?arrow_forward3-107 Ephedrine, a molecule at one time found in the dietary supplement ephedra, has been linked to adverse health reactions, such as heart attacks, strokes, and heart palpitations. The use of ephedra in dietary supplements is now banned by the FDA. (a) Which is the most polar bond in ephedra? (b) Would you predict ephedra to be polar or nonpolar?arrow_forward
- 3-105 Consider the structure of Vitamin E shown below, which is found most abundantly in wheat germ oil, sunflower, and safflower oils: (a) Identify the various types of geometries present in each central atom using VSEPR theory. (b) Determine the various relative bond angles as sociated with each central atom using VSEPR theory. (c) Which is the most polar bond in Vitamin E? (d) Would you predict Vitamin E to be polar or nonpolar?arrow_forward3. The skeleton of chloromethane is __________________ The central carbon atom is bonded to each of the other atoms by a shared electron pair (represented by a straight line, ___) giving Now, each hydrogen has two electrons and the carbon atom has eight. However, chlorine must be provided with unshared electrons (represented by pairs of dots, ) to complete its octet, thusarrow_forward3-119 Perchloroethylene, which is a liquid at room temperature, is one of the most widely used solvents for commercial dry cleaning. It is sold for this purpose under several trade names, including Perciene®. Does this molecule have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?arrow_forward
- How many bonds and lone pairs are typically observed with each element: (a) O; (b) Si; (c) Ge; (d) B?arrow_forward2. Below are drawn four possible isomers (partial Lewis structures with different atomic connectivity) for an anion with the molecular formula C₂H4NO. 10 A B D "TOTT" raptor H H -0- (a) First, add enough electrons as either lone pairs or r bonds to give an overall negative charge. Show all lone pairs in each completed Lewis structure, and show any atomic formal charges that result. (b) Then, for each isomer, consider if other resonance structures can contribute. Since this is an anion, look for a strong electron donor with an adjacent electron acceptor. For each additional resonance structure you draw (some isomers may have more than one additional RS, some may have none), circle the electron pairs in the original Lewis structure which have moved, and draw a curved arrow depicting the motion required to create the new RS. If you have colored pens, color coding your electrons pairs is nice (but not required).arrow_forwardTwo important industrial chemicals, ethene, C2H4, and propene, C3H6, are produced by the steam (or thermal) cracking process:2C3 H8(g) ⟶ C2 H4(g) + C3 H6(g) + CH4(g) + H2(g)For each of the four carbon compounds, do the following:(a) Draw a Lewis structure.(b) Predict the geometry about the carbon atom.(c) Determine the hybridization of each type of carbon atom.arrow_forward
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