LCPO CHEMISTRY W/MODIFIED MASTERING
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780135214756
Author: Robinson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 7.33CP
Two electrostatic potential maps are shown, one of methyl-lithium
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3. Carbon atoms will bond with each other to form a chain, often with the peripheral atoms being hydrogen. These compounds, hydrocarbons, are organic compounds composed only of carbon and hydrogen. However, when hydrogen atoms are substituted with other elements, such as fluorine, this changes the properties of the molecule. Methylfluoride (CH3F), a substituted hydrocarbon, is used in semiconductor processing. Figure 1 depicts an incorrect Lewis structure for CH3F.
(QUestion shown in photo)
Which reason best explains why this structure is incorrect?
a) Hydrogen lacks an octet.
b) Too few electrons are used.
c) Carbon cannot exceed an octet.
d) Fluorine atom has too many electrons.
10.) The structural formula of a certain aldehyde (related to formaldehyde) is H3C-CH2-CHO. Draw a Lewis structure for this aldehyde and determine the number of bonds present. Note that a single or a double or a triple bond counts as one bond.
Write the number, not the word.
What possible error(s) exist in the Lewis structure (assume we are trying to represent the best
possible Lewis structure for the NO₂S ion knowing N is the central atom in this polyatomic ion)?
[:ö==S:
N=
CO
:O:
The best structure would have double bond and two lone pairs on each oxygen atom and a single bond with
three lone pairs on the sulfur.
There are no errors. This is the best possible structure.
The Lewis structure above does not minimize formal charges, thus is the not the best possible structure.
The nitrogen atom has an expanded octet, and this structure is impossible.
The Lewis structure contains the wrong number of electrons, thus this structure is impossible.
Chapter 7 Solutions
LCPO CHEMISTRY W/MODIFIED MASTERING
Ch. 7 - Use the electro negativity values in Figure 7.4...Ch. 7 - Conceptual APPLY 7.2 An electrostatic potential...Ch. 7 - The dipole moment of AgCI in the gas phaseis...Ch. 7 - Predict which bond has greater percent ionic...Ch. 7 - Select the correct electron-dot structure for H2S...Ch. 7 - Use the octet rule to predict the molecular...Ch. 7 - Identify the correct electron-dot structure for...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for each of the...Ch. 7 - Select the correct electron-dot structure for...Ch. 7 - Identify the correct electron-dot structure(s) for...
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.11PCh. 7 - Which oxygen species do you predict to be most...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for the following...Ch. 7 - There are two molecules with the formula C2H6O...Ch. 7 - The following structure is a representation of...Ch. 7 - Draw two possible electron-dot structures for the...Ch. 7 - Called “laughing gas, nitrous oxide (N2O) is...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as possible for...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.19PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.20ACh. 7 - Calculate the formal charge on each atom in the...Ch. 7 - Start with the electron-dot structure for the...Ch. 7 - Calculate formal charges on the C and O atoms in...Ch. 7 - Three resonance structures for anisole (Problem...Ch. 7 - The toxicity of the organophosphate insecticides...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.26PCh. 7 - Prob. 7.27PCh. 7 - The following structure is a representation of the...Ch. 7 - The electron-dot structure for the nerve a gentsar...Ch. 7 - Draw the new electron-dot structures indicated by...Ch. 7 - The following diagram shows the potential energy...Ch. 7 - The following diagram shows the potential energy...Ch. 7 - Two electrostatic potential maps are shown, one of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.34CPCh. 7 - Which of the following drawings is most likely to...Ch. 7 - The following ball-and-stick molecular model is a...Ch. 7 - The following hall-and-stick molecular model is a...Ch. 7 - Sinapaldehyde, a compound present in the toasted...Ch. 7 - Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) has the following...Ch. 7 - Match the following descriptions with the type of...Ch. 7 - Why do two atoms come together to form a covalent...Ch. 7 - Explain the difference in the bond dissociation...Ch. 7 - Explain the difference in the bond dissociation...Ch. 7 - Predict which of the following bonds should be...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.45SPCh. 7 - What general trends in electro negativity occur in...Ch. 7 - Predict the electro negativity of the undiscovered...Ch. 7 - Order the following elements according to...Ch. 7 - Order the following elements according to...Ch. 7 - Which of the following substances contain bonds...Ch. 7 - Use the electro negativity data in Figure 7.4 to...Ch. 7 - Show the direction of polarity for each of the...Ch. 7 - Show the direction of polarity for each of the...Ch. 7 - Which of the substances...Ch. 7 - Which of the substances...Ch. 7 - Order the following compounds according to the...Ch. 7 - Order the following compounds according to the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.58SPCh. 7 - Using only the elements Ca, Cl, and Si, give...Ch. 7 - The dipole moment of BrCl is 0.518 D, and the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.61SPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.62SPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.63SPCh. 7 - Why does the octet rule apply primarily to...Ch. 7 - Which of the following substances contains an atom...Ch. 7 - Draw electron-dot structures for the following...Ch. 7 - Draw electron-dot structures for the following...Ch. 7 - Identify the correct electron-dot structure for...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron.dot structure for the hydronium...Ch. 7 - Oxalic acid, H2C2O4 , is a mildly poisonous...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for carbon...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.72SPCh. 7 - Identify the fourth-row elements, X, that form the...Ch. 7 - Write electron-dot structures for molecules with...Ch. 7 - Write electron-dot structures for molecules with...Ch. 7 - Which compound do you expect to have the stronger...Ch. 7 - Which compound do you expect to have the stronger...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for each of the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.79SPCh. 7 - Methylphenidate (C14H19NO2) , marketed as Ritalin,...Ch. 7 - Pregabalin (C8H17NO2) , marketed as Lyric a, is an...Ch. 7 - The following molecular model is that of...Ch. 7 - Ibuprofen C 13 H 18 O 2 marketed under such brand...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can that...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can for...Ch. 7 - Which of the following pairs of structures...Ch. 7 - Which of the following pairs of structures...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can that...Ch. 7 - Draw as many resonance structures as you can that...Ch. 7 - Benzene has the following structural formula. Use...Ch. 7 - Draw three resonance structures for sulfur...Ch. 7 - Some mothballs used when storing clothes are made...Ch. 7 - Four different structures (a), (b), (c), and (d)...Ch. 7 - Draw an electron-dot structure for carbon...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 7 - Calculate formal charges for the C and O atoms in...Ch. 7 - Draw two electron-dot resonance structures that...Ch. 7 - Draw two electron-dot resonance structures that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.102SPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.103SPCh. 7 - Boron trifluoride reacts with dimethyl ether to...Ch. 7 - Thiofulminic acid, HCNS, has recently been...Ch. 7 - Draw two rcsonancc strutur for methyl isocyanate,...Ch. 7 - In the cyanatc ion. OCN , carbon is the central...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.108MPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.109MPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.110MPCh. 7 - The neutral OH molecule has been implicated in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.112MPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.113MP
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- Write all resonance structures of chlorobenzene, C6H5Cl, a molecule with the same cyclic structure as benzene. In all structures, keep the CCl bond as a single bond. Which resonance structures are the most important?arrow_forwardGiven the bonds C N, C H, C Br, and S O, (a) which atom in each is the more electronegative? (b) which of these bonds is the most polar?arrow_forwardhat does temperature measure? Are the molecules in a beaker of warm water moving at the same speed as the molecules in a beaker of cold water? Explain? What is heat? Is heat the same as temperature?arrow_forward
- Consider the pyrosulfate ion, S2O72-. It has no sulfur–sulfur nor oxygen–oxygen bonds. (a) Write a Lewis structure for the pyrosulfate ion using only single bonds. (b) What is the formal charge on the sulfur atoms for the Lewis structure you drew in part (a)? (c) Write another Lewis structure using six bonds and two O—S bonds. (d) What is the formal charge on each atom for the structure you drew in part (c)?arrow_forwardFor a molecule of XeCl3H a) Draw the Lewis structure then predict the shape of the compound and draw the shape of the compound b) Determine if the molecule is polar or nonpolar and explain how you made that determination. If there is a dipole moment, draw it.arrow_forwardHow many valence electrons are there in a correctly drawn Lewis structure for formamide, HCONH2 ( You should also be able to draw the lewis structure for this. Hint, the C is in the center with an O ,N and 1 H attached. The other H atoms are attached to the N)arrow_forward
- Methyl isocyanate, which was involved in the disaster inBhopal, India, in 1984, has the chemical formula CH3NCO.Draw its Lewis diagram, including resonance forms.(Note: The N atom is bonded to the two C atoms.)arrow_forwardConsider the formate ion, HCO2-, which is the anion formed when formic acid lose an H+ ion. The H and the two O atoms are bonded to the central C atom. a) Draw the best Lewis structure for this ion. b) Are resonance structures needed to describe this structure? c) Would you predict that the C-O bond lengths in the formate ion would be longer or shorter relative to those in CO2?arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure of C2H4CI2 (both Cl atoms on one C atom) and then determine if the molecule is polar or nonpolar.arrow_forward
- Answer the questions in the table below about the shape of the fluoroform (CHF3) molecule. How many electron groups are around the central carbon atom? Note: one "electron group" means one lone pair, one single bond, one double bond, or one triple bond. What phrase best describes the arrangement of these electron groups around the central carbon atom? (You may need to use the scrollbar to see all the choices.) 0 (choose one) X 8arrow_forwardUrea, (NH2)2CO, is used in plastics and fertilizers. It is also the primary nitrogencontaining substance excreted by humans.(a) Which bonds in the molecule are polar, and which are nonpolar?(b) Which is the most polar bond in the molecule? Which atom is the negative end of the bond dipole?arrow_forwardFor the following three Lewis structures, list whether they are correct or incorrect: alt-text for image above: The first image shows a proposed Lewis structure for Freon-13, CClF3, that has a central carbon singly bonded to a three chlorine atoms and a fluorine atom. Each chlorine and the fluorine have 3 lone pairs of electrons around them. The second image shows a proposed lewis structure for the nitrite ion, NO2-, as a central nitrogen atom between two oxygen atoms. The O atom on the left has three lone pairs of electrons and then a single bond between the N. The right O atom has two lone pairs of electrons and a double bond with the N atom. The N atom has a single lone pair of electrons in addition to the double and single bonds with oxygen atoms. The third image shows diazomethane, CH2N2, and the proposed Lewis structure has a carbon singly bonded to two H atoms, then doubly bonded to a nitrogen. The nitrogen is doubly bonded to the second nitrogen, and the second nitrogen has…arrow_forward
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