
Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The ground-state electronic configuration of the given ions is to be written.
Concept introduction:
Elements that lose electrons are called cations. They have a lesser number of electrons than that of their neutral states.
Elements that gain electrons are called anions. They have a greater number of electrons than that of their neutral states.

Answer to Problem 58QP
Solution:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
Explanation of Solution
a)Ion
The neutral state of lithium is
than its neutral state, and hence, electronic configuration of
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
b)Ion
Hydrogen in its neutral state has only one electron (
Its ground-state electronic configuration is
c)Ion
The neutral state electron-arrangement of nitrogen is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
d)Ion
The neutral state electronic configuration of fluorine (
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
e)Ion
The neutral state electron-arrangement of sulphur is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
f)Ion
The neutral state of aluminium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
g)Ion
The ground state electron-arrangement of selenium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
h) Ion
The ground state electron-arrangement of bromine is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
i) Ion
The neutral state of rubidium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
j)Ion
The neutral state of strontium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
k) Ion
The neutral state of stannous is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
l)Ion
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
m)Ion
The neutral state of barium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
n)Ion
The neutral state of lead is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
o)Ion
The neutral state of indium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
p)Ion
The neutral state of thallium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
q)Ion
The neutral state of thallium is
So, its ground-state electronic configuration is
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Chapter 7 Solutions
CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
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- R₂ R₁ R₁ a R Rg Nu R₂ Rg R₁ R R₁₂ R3 R R Nu enolate forming R₁ R B-Alkylated carbonyl species or amines Cyclic B-Ketoester R₁₁ HOB R R₁B R R₁₂ B-Hydroxy carbonyl R diester R2 R3 R₁ RB OR R₂ 0 aB-Unsaturated carbonyl NaOR Aldol HOR reaction 1) LDA 2) R-X 3) H₂O/H₂O ketone, aldehyde 1) 2°-amine 2) acid chloride 3) H₂O'/H₂O 0 O R₁ R₁ R R₁ R₁₂ Alkylated a-carbon R₁ H.C R₁ H.C Alkylated methyl ketone acetoacetic ester B-Ketoester ester R₁ HO R₂ R B-Dicarbonyl HO Alkylated carboxylic acid malonic ester Write the reagents required to bring about each reaction next to the arrows shown. Next, record any regiochemistry or stereochemistry considerations relevant to the reaction. You should also record any key aspects of the mechanism, such as forma- tion of an important intermediate, as a helpful reminder. You may want to keep track of all reactions that make carbon-carbon bonds, because these help you build large molecules from smaller fragments. This especially applies to the reactions in…arrow_forwardProvide the reasonable steps to achieve the following synthesis.arrow_forwardIdentify which compound is more acidic. Justify your choice.arrow_forward
- Provide the reasonable steps to achieve the following synthesis.arrow_forwardWhen anisole is treated with excess bromine, the reaction gives a product which shows two singlets in 1H NMR. Draw the product.arrow_forward(ii) Draw a reasonable mechanism for the following reaction: CI NaOH heat OH (hint: SNAr Reaction) :arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
