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EBK PHYSICS
5th Edition
ISBN: 8220103026918
Author: Walker
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 58GP
CE Predict/Explain A car is accelerated by a constant force, F. The distance required to accelerate the car from rest to the speed u is Δx. (a) Is the distance required to accelerate the car from the speed u to the speed 2u equal to, 2Δx, 3Δx or 4Δx? (b) Choose the best explanation from among the following
- I. I. The final speed is twice the initial speed.
- II. II. The increase in speed is the same in each case.
- III. III. Work is force times distance, and work depends on the speed squared.
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Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
■ Review | Constants
A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol
of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas).
Part A
The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in
temperature.
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Part B
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Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while
remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change.
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4. I've assembled the following assortment of point charges (-4 μC, +6 μC, and +3 μC)
into a rectangle, bringing them together from an initial situation where they were all
an infinite distance away from each other. Find the electric potential at point "A"
(marked by the X) and tell me how much work it would require to bring a +10.0 μC
charge to point A if it started an infinite distance away (assume that the other three
charges remains fixed).
300 mm
-4 UC
"A"
0.400 mm
+6 UC
+3 UC
5. It's Friday night, and you've got big party plans. What will you do? Why, make a
capacitor, of course! You use aluminum foil as the plates, and since a standard roll of
aluminum foil is 30.5 cm wide you make the plates of your capacitor each 30.5 cm by
30.5 cm. You separate the plates with regular paper, which has a thickness of 0.125
mm and a dielectric constant of 3.7. What is the capacitance of your capacitor? If
you connect it to a 12 V battery, how much charge is stored on either plate?
=
Chapter 7 Solutions
EBK PHYSICS
Ch. 7.1 - Enhance Your Understanding (Answers given at the...Ch. 7.2 - Enhance Your Understanding (Answers given at the...Ch. 7.3 - As an object moves along the positive x axis the...Ch. 7.4 - Enhance Your Understanding (Answers given at the...Ch. 7 - Is it possible to do work on an object that...Ch. 7 - A friend makes the statement, Only the total force...Ch. 7 - A friend makes the statement, A force that is...Ch. 7 - The net work done on a certain object is zero What...Ch. 7 - Give an example of a frictional force doing...Ch. 7 - A ski boat moves with constant velocity Is the net...
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Is...Ch. 7 - A pendulum bob swings from point I to point II...Ch. 7 - A pendulum bob swings from point II to point III...Ch. 7 - A farmhand pushes a 26-kg bale of hay 3.9 m across...Ch. 7 - Children in a tree house lift a small dog in a...Ch. 7 - Early one October, you go to a pumpkin patch to...Ch. 7 - The coefficient of kinetic friction between a...Ch. 7 - BIO Peristaltic Work The human snail intestine...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A tow rope, parallel to the...Ch. 7 - A child pulls a friend in a little red wagon with...Ch. 7 - A 57-kg packing crate is pulled with constant...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate To clean a floor, a janitor...Ch. 7 - A small plane tows a glider at constant speed and...Ch. 7 - As a snowboarder descends a mountain slope,...Ch. 7 - A young woman on a skateboard is pulled by a rope...Ch. 7 - To keep her dog from running away while she talks...Ch. 7 - Water skiers often ride to one side of the center...Ch. 7 - A pitcher throws a ball at 90 mi/h and the catcher...Ch. 7 - How much work is needed for a 73 kg runner to...Ch. 7 - Skylabs Reentry When Skylab reentered the Earths...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A 9.50-g bullet has a speed of...Ch. 7 - The energy required to increase the speed of a...Ch. 7 - Predict/Explain The work W0 accelerates a car...Ch. 7 - Car A has a mass m and a speed u, car B has a mass...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A 0.14-kg pinecone falls 16 m to...Ch. 7 - In the previous problem (a) how much work was done...Ch. 7 - At t = 1.0s, a 0.55-kg object is tailing with a...Ch. 7 - After hitting a long fly ball that goes over the...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A 1100-kg car coasts on a...Ch. 7 - A 65-kg bicyclist rides his 8 8-kg bicycle with a...Ch. 7 - A block of mass m and speed U collides with a...Ch. 7 - A spring with a force constant of 3.5 104 N/m is...Ch. 7 - Initially sliding with a speed of 4.1 m/s, a...Ch. 7 - The force shown in Figure 7-21 moves an object...Ch. 7 - An object is acted on by the force shown in Figure...Ch. 7 - To compress spring 1 by 0 20 m takes 150 J of...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate It takes 180 J of work to...Ch. 7 - The force shown in Figure 7-22 acts on a 1.3-kg...Ch. 7 - A block is acted on by a force that varies as (2.0...Ch. 7 - Section 7-4 Power 42 CE Fore F1 does 5 J of work...Ch. 7 - BIO Climbing the Empire State Building A new...Ch. 7 - Calculate the power output of a 14-mg fly as it...Ch. 7 - An ice cube is placed in a microwave oven. Suppose...Ch. 7 - Your car produces about 34 kw of power to maintain...Ch. 7 - You raise a bucket of water from the bottom of a...Ch. 7 - BIO Salmon Migration As Chinook salmon swim...Ch. 7 - In order to keep a leaking ship from sinking, it...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A kayaker paddles with a power...Ch. 7 - BIO Human-Powered Flight Human-powered aircraft...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate Beating to Windward A sailboat...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A grandfather clock is powered...Ch. 7 - Prob. 54PCECh. 7 - CE As the three small sailboats shown in Figure...Ch. 7 - CE Predict/Explain A car is accelerated by a...Ch. 7 - CE Car 1 has four limes the mass of car 2, but...Ch. 7 - BIO Muscle Cells Biological muscle cells can be...Ch. 7 - A small motor runs a lift that raises a load of...Ch. 7 - You push a 67-kg box across a door where the...Ch. 7 - A 1300-kg elevator is lifted at a constant speed...Ch. 7 - CE The work W0 is required to accelerate a car...Ch. 7 - After a tornado a 0.55-g straw was found embedded...Ch. 7 - You throw a glove straight upward to celebrate a...Ch. 7 - The water skier in Figure 7-20 is at an angle of...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A sled with a mass of 5.80 kg is...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A 0.19-kg apple falls from a...Ch. 7 - A boy pulls a bag of baseball bats across a ball...Ch. 7 - At the instant it leaves the players hand after a...Ch. 7 - The force shown in Figure 7-25 acts on an object...Ch. 7 - A Compound Bow A compound bow in archery allows...Ch. 7 - A Compound Versus a Simple Bow The compound bow in...Ch. 7 - Calculate the power output of a 0.42-g spider as...Ch. 7 - Cookie Power To make a batch of cookies, you mix...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate A pitcher accelerates a 0.14-kg...Ch. 7 - BIO Brain Power The human brain consumes about 22...Ch. 7 - Meteorite On October 9, 1992, a 27-pound meteorite...Ch. 7 - BIO Powering a Pigeon A pigeon in flight...Ch. 7 - Springs in Series Two springs, with force...Ch. 7 - Springs in Parallel Two springs, with force...Ch. 7 - A block rests on a horizontal frictionless...Ch. 7 - BIO Microraptor gui: The Biplane Dinosaur The...Ch. 7 - BIO Microraptor gui: The Biplane Dinosaur The...Ch. 7 - BIO Microraptor gui: The Biplane Dinosaur The...Ch. 7 - BIO Microraptor gui: The Biplane Dinosaur The...Ch. 7 - Referring to Figure 7-15 Suppose the block has a...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate Referring to Figure 7-15 In the...Ch. 7 - Predict/Calculate Referring 10 Example 7-15...
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- Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation pV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, PV T = constant. One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant, it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas: At least one more parameter would also change. For instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change. To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a graph showing one parameter as a function of the other. Although there are many choices of axes, the most common one is a plot of pressure as a function of volume: a pV diagram. In this problem, you…arrow_forwardA-e pleasearrow_forwardTwo moles of carbon monoxide (CO) start at a pressure of 1.4 atm and a volume of 35 liters. The gas is then compressed adiabatically to 1/3 this volume. Assume that the gas may be treated as ideal. Part A What is the change in the internal energy of the gas? Express your answer using two significant figures. ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ AU = Submit Request Answer Part B Does the internal energy increase or decrease? internal energy increases internal energy decreases Submit Request Answer Part C ? J Does the temperature of the gas increase or decrease during this process? temperature of the gas increases temperature of the gas decreases Submit Request Answerarrow_forward
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