Explanation Given information: The vortex shading frequency is f k , the free stream velocity is V , the fluid density is ρ , the fluid dynamic viscosity is μ and the diameter of the cylinder is D . Expression of function of shading frequency, f k = f ( V , ρ , μ , D ) ...... (I) Dimension of density in M L T unit system, ρ = [ M L − 3 ] ...... (II) Here, the dimension of mass is M and the dimension of the length is L . Dimension of the dynamic viscosity, μ = [ M L − 1 T − 1 ] ...... (III) Here, the dimension of time is T . Dimension of free stream velocity, V = [ L T − 1 ] ...... (IV) Dimension of diameter, D = [ L ] ...... (V) Expression of vortex shading frequency, f k = ( θ t ) ...... (VI) Here, the angle is θ and the time is t . Dimension of time, t = [ T ] Dimension of angle. θ = 1 . Substitute T for t and 1 for θ in Equation ( VI). f k = ( 1 T ) = [ T − 1 ] ...... (VII) Here, the number of variable is 5 these are f k , V , ρ , μ and D and the number of dimension is 3 these are M , L and T . Expression of number of pi-terms, pi-terms = n − j ...... (VIII) Here, the number of variables is n and the number of dimensions is j . Substitute 5 for n and 3 for j in Equation (VIII). pi-terms = 5 − 3 = 2 Here, two pi-terms is present. Here, the basic variable is V , ρ and D . Expression of first pi-terms, ∏ 1 = f k V a ρ b D c ...... (IX) Here, the constants are a , b , and c . Expression of second pi-terms, ∏ 2 = μ V a ρ b D c ...... (X) Dimension of first pi-term, ∏ 1 = [ M 0 L 0 T 0 ] Dimension of second pi-term, ∏ 2 = [ M 0 L 0 T 0 ] Substitute [ M 0 L 0 T 0 ] for ∏ 1 , [ T − 1 ] for f k , [ L T − 1 ] for V , [ M L − 3 ] for ρ and [ L ] for D in Equation (IX). [ M 0 L 0 T 0 ] = [ T − 1 ] [ L T − 1 ] a [ M L − 3 ] b [ L ] c [ M 0 L 0 T 0 ] = [ M b L a − 3 b + c T − 1 − a ] ...... (XI) Compare the power of M on both sides of Equation (XI). b = 0 Compare the power of T on both sides of Equation (XI). 0 = − 1 − a a = − 1 Compare the power of L on both sides of Equation (XI) and substitute 0 for b and − 1 for a . 0 = − 1 − 3 ( 0 ) + c 0 = − 1 + c c = 1 Substitute − 1 for a , 0 for b and 1 for c in Equation (IX)

Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications

4th Edition

ISBN: 9781259696534

Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala

Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

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Chapter 7, Problem 47P

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Chapter 7, Problem 46P

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Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications

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The dimensionless relationship.

Solution Summary: The author explains the dimensionless relationship between the vortex shading frequency, free stream velocity, fluid density, dynamic viscosity and diameter of the cylinder.

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The dimensionless relationship.

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Chapter 7 Solutions