The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified. Concept introduction: Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation. Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom. Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent . Polar protic solvent : It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom. Polar aprotic solvent : It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom. Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction .

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 40PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 40PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 40PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 40PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 40PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 40PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 40PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stronger nucleophile from the given molecules should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one H atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain H atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Electropositive: The tendency of a metal to lose electrons readily in chemical reaction.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2PTS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 3PTS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 4ATS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5ATS Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 7PTS Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8ATS

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