Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 3TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
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Which of the following statements concerning ATP synthesis in mitochondria is FALSE?
a. interruption of the flow of electrons from NADH to oxygen would decrease ATP synthesis
b. making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+ would decrease ATP synthesis
c. the energy liberated by the electron-transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into the IM-space
d. the movement of H+ through a special channel enzyme (synthase) results in ATP synthesis
e. when protons move from the matrix to the IM-space, ATP is made from ADP + Pi
Which of the following statements is TRUE of the electron transport chain (ETC)?
A. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the formation of a proton (H+) gradient.
B. The movement of H+ ions through ATP synthase drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC.
C. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the movement of ADP and phosphate through ATP synthase.
D. The movement of H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC.
Which of the following statements about the generation of ATP in the electron transport chain is correct?
a. The generation of ATP from ADP coupled to electron transfer occurs by substrate level phosphorylation as in glycolysis.
b. ATP synthase generation of ATP involves a rotating structure inside the inner mitochondrial membrane.
c. ATP synthase generation of ATP involves a rotating structure outside the inner mitochondrial membrane.
d. Electron transport generates a proton gradient across the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.1 - Distinguish between cellular respiration and...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.2 - What is the redox reaction in glycolysis?Ch. 7.2 - How is ATP synthesized in glycolysis?Ch. 7.3 - Summarize the fate of pyruvate molecules produced...Ch. 7.4 - What distinguishes the four complexes of the...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 7.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.5 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.6 - What are the types of molecules that are the...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 3SBCh. 7 - What is the final acceptor for electrons in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 7 - Which of the following statements is false?...Ch. 7 - In the 1950s, a diet pill that had the effect of...Ch. 7 - Discuss Concepts Why do you think nucleic acids...Ch. 7 - A hospital patient was regularly found to be...Ch. 7 - 13. There are several ways to measure...Ch. 7 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Which of the two...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 7 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 7 - As CO2 concentrations increase in the atmosphere,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4ITD
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- Which of the following statements concerning ATP synthesis is NOT true? a. The open conformation of the ATP synthase is for releasing ATP. b. The gamma subunit in the stalk responds to the flow of H+ and rotates the assembly counterclockwise and thus change the conformations of the active site to synthesize ATP. c. The tight conformation of the ATP synthase is for converting ADP and phosphate to ATP. d. The loose conformation of the ATP synthase is for binding ADP and phosphate. e. Ten protons are required to catalyze the rotation of the subunits so that one ATP is synthesized. Clear my choicearrow_forwardWhich one of the following chemical equations represent the aerobic cellular respiration? a. 6CO2 + 6H20 + Sunlight - > CH1206 + 602 b. CoH120+602-> 6C02 + 6H20 + 38 ATP molecules c. CoH120+602- 6C0, +6H,0 + 36 or 38 ATP molecules + heat d. CaH120+02 CO2+ H0+36 or 38 ATP molecules + heat choicearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning the location of the metabolic pathways is correct? a. All reactions of the glycolysis take place in the mitochondria. b. All reactions of the TCA cycle take place in the mitochondria. c. Some reactions of the TCA cycle take place in the cytosol, and some in mitochondria. d. Some reactions of the glycolysis take place in the cytosol, and some in mitochondria.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about cellular respiration is TRUE in eukaryotes? A. For every molecule of NADH oxidized in the electron transport chain, 1 molecule of ATP is produced. B. ATP synthase harnesses the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space to produce ATP. C. ATP synthase transduces the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix into kinetic (mechanical) energy D. H2O is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, being oxidized to O2 and H+. E. All of the above are truearrow_forwardUnder normal conditions, as electrons flow down the electron transport chain of the mitochondria: a. All of them are correct b. NADH and FADH2 are oxidized c. The pH of the matrix increases d. An electrochemical gradient is formed e. The electrons lose free energyarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is (are) accurate about aerobic and anaerobic respiration?a. Aerobic respiration is best for sprints.b. Anaerobic respiration is best for long distances because it does not need large amounts of oxygen.c. Aerobic respiration is faster.d. Aerobic respiration produces more energy per glucose molecule.e. Both aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration start with glycolysis.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements describes the end step for the electron transport chain? A. H+ ions flow down the gradient to generate ATP B. electrons are transferred to NADH and FADH2 for chemiosmosis C. electrons are transferred to oxygen, causing it to split and take up H+ ions, which form water D. H+ are pumped across the inner membrane of mitochondria to establish an electrochemical gradientarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is MOST ACCURATE? A. The oxidation of NADH in the mitochondrial matrix results in the transfer of 1 electron to the electron transport chain. B. The reduction of NADH in the mitochondrial matrix results in the transfer of 1 electron to the electron transport chain. C. The reduction of NADH in the mitochondrial matrix results in the transfer of 2 electrons to the electron transport chain. D. The oxidation of NADH in the cytoplasm results in the transfer of 1 electron to the electron transport chain. E. The oxidation of NADH in the mitochondrial matrix results in the transfer of 2 electrons to the electron transport chain.arrow_forwardThe complete catabolism of one molecule of C6H12O6 into carbon dioxide and water produces a larger amount of ATP in aerobic prokaryotes than it does in aerobic eukaryotes because aerobic prokaryotes: A. always produce ethanol rather than lactic acid as a byproduct B. generate more molecules of NADH during aerobic respiration C. have no transport costs to get NADH into mitochondria D. generate more molecules of FADH2 during aerobic respiration E. are able to use pyruvate as a substrate for fermentationarrow_forward
- Place the following steps of cellular respiration in the correct order by numbering them from 1 to 4. a. The Krebs cycle produces the energy carriers NADH, FADH2, and ATP. b. If oxygen levels are adequate, pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrion. If oxygen levels are very low, fermentation proceeds. c. Glucose is broken down to produce ATP and NADH. d. An electron transport chain produces ATP from ADP.arrow_forwardYou would expect decreased production of ATP in all of the following individuals except a. an individual with impaired ability to transport oxygen in the blood, such as a person with anemia. b. an individual with severe asthma. c. an individual in congestive heart failure. d. an athlete.arrow_forwardThe figure here shows oxygen concentration in a suspension of isolated mitochondria. Immediately after the addition of uncoupler, oxygen levels decline more rapidly than before. But soon afterwards the rate levels off. What is the likely reason for this levelling off? uncoupler Oxygen (umol) Levelling off Time (min) A. Lack of ATP B. Decrease in the rate of glycolysis. C. Decrease in the levels of uncoupler. D. Lack of NADHarrow_forward
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