Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 7, Problem 33CTQ
Describe the vertebral column and define each region.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 7 - Watch this video...Ch. 7 - View this animation...Ch. 7 - Osteoporosis is a common age-related bone disease...Ch. 7 - Watch this animation...Ch. 7 - Use this tool...Ch. 7 - View this video...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is pact of the axial...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is a function of the axial...Ch. 7 - The axial skeleton ________. consists of 126 bones...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is a bone of the brain...
Ch. 7 - The lambdoid suture joins the parietal bone to the...Ch. 7 - The middle cranial fossa ________. is bounded...Ch. 7 - The paranasal sinuses are ________. air-filled...Ch. 7 - Parts of the sphenoid bone include the ________....Ch. 7 - The bony openings of the skull include the...Ch. 7 - The cervical region of the vertebral column...Ch. 7 - The primary curvatures of the vertebral column...Ch. 7 - A typical vertebra has ________. a vertebral...Ch. 7 - A typical lumbar vertebra has ________. a short,...Ch. 7 - Which is found only in the cervical region of the...Ch. 7 - The sternum ________. consists of only two parts,...Ch. 7 - The sternal angle is the ________. junction...Ch. 7 - The tubercle of a rib ________. is for...Ch. 7 - True ribs are ________. ribs 8-12 attached via...Ch. 7 - Embryonic development of the axial skeleton...Ch. 7 - A fontanelle ________. is the cartilage model for...Ch. 7 - Define the two divisions of the skeleton.Ch. 7 - Discuss the functions of the axial skeleton.Ch. 7 - Define and list the bones that form the brain case...Ch. 7 - Identify the major sutures of the skull, their...Ch. 7 - Describe the anterior, middle, and posterior...Ch. 7 - Describe the parts of the nasal septum in both the...Ch. 7 - Describe the vertebral column and define each...Ch. 7 - Describe a typical vertebra.Ch. 7 - Describe the sacrum.Ch. 7 - Describe the structure and function of an...Ch. 7 - Define the ligaments of the vertebral column.Ch. 7 - Define the parts and functions of the thoracic...Ch. 7 - Describe the parts of the sternum.Ch. 7 - Discuss the parts of a typical rib.Ch. 7 - Define the classes of ribs.Ch. 7 - Discuss the processes by which the brain-case...Ch. 7 - Discuss the process that gives rise to the base...Ch. 7 - Discuss the development of the vertebrae, ribs,...
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