Chemistry In Focus
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305084476
Author: Tro, Nivaldo J., Neu, Don.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 13E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The term ‘spectroscopy’ is to be described.
Concept introduction:
The
The distance between the two consecutive crests of a wave of light is called the wavelength.
Spectroscopy is the study of interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry In Focus
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.1YTCh. 7 - The lasers used in supermarket scanners emit red...Ch. 7 - Which photons contain more energy, X-ray photons...Ch. 7 - Arrange the kinds of light listed below in order...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1ECh. 7 - What kinds of molecules are responsible for the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3ECh. 7 - Prob. 4ECh. 7 - What is the relationship between the wavelength of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6E
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7ECh. 7 - What prevents large amounts of high-energy UV and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9ECh. 7 - Prob. 10ECh. 7 - Prob. 11ECh. 7 - Prob. 12ECh. 7 - Prob. 13ECh. 7 - Prob. 14ECh. 7 - Prob. 15ECh. 7 - Prob. 16ECh. 7 - Describe how a laser works.Ch. 7 - Classify each of the following lasers as to type...Ch. 7 - Prob. 19ECh. 7 - Prob. 20ECh. 7 - Prob. 21ECh. 7 - Prob. 22ECh. 7 - Prob. 23ECh. 7 - The speed of sound is 330m/s. If fireworks are...Ch. 7 - The nearest star, Alpha Centauri, is 4.3 light-...Ch. 7 - Counting the seconds between a flash of lightning...Ch. 7 - Make a drawing, such as Figure 7.3, which shows...Ch. 7 - Make a drawing, such as Figure 7.3, which shows...Ch. 7 - Prob. 29ECh. 7 - Arrange the following three frequencies of light...Ch. 7 - Prob. 31ECh. 7 - Which wavelength of light is most likely to cause...Ch. 7 - List two types of electromagnetic radiation that...Ch. 7 - List two types of electromagnetic radiation that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 35ECh. 7 - Prob. 36ECh. 7 - Prob. 37ECh. 7 - Prob. 38ECh. 7 - Calculate the wavelength of the radio waves used...Ch. 7 - Calculate the wavelength of the radio waves used...Ch. 7 - Prob. 41ECh. 7 - Prob. 42ECh. 7 - Prob. 43ECh. 7 - A lamp emits red light of 671nm. What element is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 45ECh. 7 - Prob. 46ECh. 7 - Prob. 47ECh. 7 - Prob. 48ECh. 7 - Describe how white light interacts with a colored...Ch. 7 - Prob. 50ECh. 7 - Prob. 51ECh. 7 - Prob. 52ECh. 7 - Prob. 53ECh. 7 - Prob. 54ECh. 7 - Prob. 55ECh. 7 - Prob. 56ECh. 7 - Prob. 57ECh. 7 - Prob. 58ECh. 7 - Prob. 59E
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