Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781119338352
Author: Klein
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 6.3, Problem 4CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of reaction conditions the sign of ΔG and its behavior in response to increase in temperature should be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy: The Gibbs free energy depends on the two terms entropy change and the enthalpy change which is affected by the temperature.

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

Entropy: It is usually defined as the degree of the randomness or disorder present in the respective system.

The total entropy change associated with given reaction is equal to the sum of both entropy change associated with the system and the surrounding.

The entropy change within the system is the difference between the final and the initial states in the system. The entropy change in the given chemical reaction is as follows

ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactants

Enthalpy:

The enthalpy change for the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation in the reaction.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy), ΔS (Entropy) and ΔG (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

ΔΗ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = ΔΗ (bonds broken) – ΔΗ (bonds formed)

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of reaction conditions the sign of ΔG and its behavior in response to increase in temperature should be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy: The Gibbs free energy depends on the two terms entropy change and the enthalpy change which is affected by the temperature.

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

Entropy: It is usually defined as the degree of the randomness or disorder present in the respective system.

The total entropy change associated with given reaction is equal to the sum of both entropy change associated with the system and the surrounding.

The entropy change within the system is the difference between the final and the initial states in the system. The entropy change in the given chemical reaction is as follows

ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactants

Enthalpy:

The enthalpy change for the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation in the reaction.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy), ΔS (Entropy) and ΔG (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

ΔΗ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = ΔΗ (bonds broken) – ΔΗ (bonds formed)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of reaction conditions the sign of ΔG and its behavior in response to increase in temperature should be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy: The Gibbs free energy depends on the two terms entropy change and the enthalpy change which is affected by the temperature.

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

Entropy: It is usually defined as the degree of the randomness or disorder present in the respective system.

The total entropy change associated with given reaction is equal to the sum of both entropy change associated with the system and the surrounding.

The entropy change within the system is the difference between the final and the initial states in the system. The entropy change in the given chemical reaction is as follows

ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactants

Enthalpy:

The enthalpy change for the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation in the reaction.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy), ΔS (Entropy) and ΔG (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

ΔΗ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = ΔΗ (bonds broken) – ΔΗ (bonds formed)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of reaction conditions the sign of ΔG and its behavior in response to increase in temperature should be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy: The Gibbs free energy depends on the two terms entropy change and the enthalpy change which is affected by the temperature.

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

Entropy: It is usually defined as the degree of the randomness or disorder present in the respective system.

The total entropy change associated with given reaction is equal to the sum of both entropy change associated with the system and the surrounding.

The entropy change within the system is the difference between the final and the initial states in the system. The entropy change in the given chemical reaction is as follows

ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactants

Enthalpy:

The enthalpy change for the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation in the reaction.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy), ΔS (Entropy) and ΔG (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

ΔΗ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

ΔΗ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = ΔΗ (bonds broken) – ΔΗ (bonds formed)

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