Chapter 6, Problem 3DAA

Energy Efficiency of Biofuel Production Most of the plant material currently used for biofuel production in the United States consists of food crops—mainly corn, soybeans, and sugarcane. In 2006, David Tilman and his colleagues published the results of a 10-year study comparing the net energy output of various biofuels. The researchers grew a mixture of native perennial grasses without irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides, in sandy soil that was so depleted by intensive agriculture that it had been abandoned. They measured the usable energy in biofuels made from the grasses, and also from com and soy, then measured the energy it took to grow and produce biofuel from each kind of crop (FIGURE 6.18).

FIGURE 6 .18 Energy inputs and outputs of biofuels made from three different crops. One hectare is about 2 .5 acres.

3. Which of the three crops would require the least amount of land to produce a given amount of biofuel energy?