Chapter 6, Problem 20PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given molecule $\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) should be identified

Concept introduction:

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = $\text{ΔΗ }\left(\text{bonds broken}\right)\text{ – ΔΗ (bonds formed)}$

$\text{ΔΗ}$ of the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation of the reaction.

$\text{ΔG}$ (Entropy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactant}$

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is $\text{ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS}$

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given molecule $\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) should be identified

Concept introduction:

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = $\text{ΔΗ }\left(\text{bonds broken}\right)\text{ – ΔΗ (bonds formed)}$

$\text{ΔΗ}$ of the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation of the reaction.

$\text{ΔG}$ (Entropy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactant}$

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is $\text{ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS}$

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given molecule $\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) should be identified

Concept introduction:

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = $\text{ΔΗ }\left(\text{bonds broken}\right)\text{ – ΔΗ (bonds formed)}$

$\text{ΔΗ}$ of the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation of the reaction.

$\text{ΔG}$ (Entropy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactant}$

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is $\text{ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS}$

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given molecule $\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) should be identified

Concept introduction:

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = $\text{ΔΗ }\left(\text{bonds broken}\right)\text{ – ΔΗ (bonds formed)}$

$\text{ΔΗ}$ of the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation of the reaction.

$\text{ΔG}$ (Entropy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactant}$

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is $\text{ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS}$

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given molecule $\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) should be identified

Concept introduction:

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy), $\text{ΔS}$ (Entropy) and $\text{ΔG}$ (Gibbs free energy) can be identified by using formula.

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔΗ}$ (Enthalpy of the reaction) = $\text{ΔΗ }\left(\text{bonds broken}\right)\text{ – ΔΗ (bonds formed)}$

$\text{ΔΗ}$ of the reaction is determined by bond breaks and bond formation of the reaction.

$\text{ΔG}$ (Entropy) could be determined by using following formula

$\text{ΔS = Number of products – Number of reactant}$

General formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is $\text{ΔG = ΔΗ –TΔS}$

When the heat energy was absorbed by the system from the surrounding is called endothermic reaction

When heat energy or light energy was unconfined to the surrounding from the system is called exothermic reaction.