Chapter 6, Problem 1RQ

What are the two routes for long-distance signal delivery in the body?

Summary Introduction

To determine: The two routes for long-distance signal delivery taking place in the body.

Introduction: The process of signal transduction helps in transmitting the signals from different parts of the body to the brain and from the brain to different parts of the body. Signal transduction is a highly regulated process that takes place through various proteins and channels.

Explanation of Solution

The two routes that are required for the long-distance delivery of signals are the circulatory system and the nervous system. The circulatory system helps to deliver signals like neurotransmitters, hormones, and other protein molecules through the blood that reaches all the parts of the body from the brain to the lower limbs. Hence, it delivers signals to all the parts of the body, irrespective of their distance.

The nervous system transmits electrical impulses through neurons that can be the longest cells in the body, transmitting electrical impulses from the brain to the toes of the feet. Therefore, both circulatory system and nervous system form the long-distance routes for signal delivery.