BIOLOGY 2E
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781506699851
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: XANEDU PUBLISHING
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 17CTQ
Name two different cellular functions that require energy that parallel human energy-requiring functions.
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A cell uses ATP to carry energy, which is released as needed to drive chemical reactions and work.
A mutation is found that prevents #2 but not #1. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for which protein is mutated?
ATP cannot be synthesized from ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP synthase.
Covalently bound Pἰ cannot be removed from molecules due to a mutation in phosphatase.
Non-covalently bound ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP hydrolase.
ATP cannot bind covalently to molecules and split into a bound Pἰ and free-floating ADP due to a mutation in a kinase.
Which of the statements about the use of chemical energy for biological functions is INCORRECT?
A) Some chemical energy is used for metabolic maintenance
B)Some chemical energy is used to manufacture molecular and cellular components
C) Some chemical energy is irreversibly lost in the form of heat
D) All manufactured molecular and cellular components are kept by the animal itself
E) The three major types of physiological work done are biosynthesis, maintenance, and external work
List the energy pathways of the body and how much ATP each one produces per 1
substrate. HINT: There should be four (two anaerobic and two aerobic).
Chapter 6 Solutions
BIOLOGY 2E
Ch. 6 - Figure 6.8 Look at each of the processes shown,...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.10 If no activation energy were required...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.14 The hydrolysis of one ATP molecule...Ch. 6 - Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of and...Ch. 6 - DNA replication involves unwinding two strands of...Ch. 6 - Consider a pendulum swinging. Which type(s) of...Ch. 6 - Which of the following comparisons or contrasts...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is the best way to judge...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is not an example of an...Ch. 6 - In each of the three systems, determine the state...
Ch. 6 - The energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP is...Ch. 6 - Which of the following molecules is likely to have...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is not true about enzymes...Ch. 6 - An allosteric inhibitor does which of the...Ch. 6 - Which of the following analogies best describes...Ch. 6 - Does physical exercise involve anabolic and/or...Ch. 6 - Name two different cellular functions that require...Ch. 6 - Explain in your own words the difference between a...Ch. 6 - Describe the position of the transition state on a...Ch. 6 - Imagine an elaborate ant farm with tunnels and...Ch. 6 - Energy transfers take place constantly in everyday...Ch. 6 - Do you think that the Ea for ATP hydrolysis is...Ch. 6 - With regard to enzymes, why are vitamins necessary...Ch. 6 - Explain in your own words how enzyme feedback...
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- Explain in your own words why energy production is necessary for the normal functioning of voluntary and involuntary physiological processes.arrow_forwardCells use primarily two ways of storing potential energy: 1) as concentration gradients and 2) in molecules. A) Explain how energy can be stored in these two forms and how it can be used to do other work. B) Propose an analogy that can explain each of these forms of energy storage using everyday items.arrow_forwardCells use two ways of storing potential energy: 1) as concetration gradients and 2) in molecules. A) Explain how energy can be stored in these two forms and how it can be used to do the work. B) Propose an analogy that can explain each these forms of energy storage using everyday items.arrow_forward
- During aerobic respiration, high energy electrons are taken from glucose and transferred to electron carriers. The cell then uses the energy from these electrons to: O A) produce carbon dioxide B) produce oxygen C) pump hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane D) reduce electron carriers E) make glucosearrow_forwardConsider a gene in the mitochondrial genome that codes for a channel protein in the inner membrane that allows magnesium ions to travel freely across. If a mutation in that gene resulted in this protein allowing H+ to pass through it rather than magnesium, what would be the consequence for cellular respiration?arrow_forwardDuring aerobic respiration, high energy electrons are taken from glucose and transferred to electron carriers. The cell then uses the energy from these electrons to: A) pump hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane B) produce oxygen C) produce carbon dioxide D) make glucose E) reduce electron carriersarrow_forward
- Protein and amino acids are not the preferred source of energy in the body since proteins are used to make many other important molecules in the body. All of these molecules fall under the category of "Body Protein" in the diagram above. Which of the following would be included in this list? Check all that apply. Group of answer choices Enzymes Nutrient transporters Cholesterol Phospholipids Neurotransmitters Hormonesarrow_forwardFill in the blanks using the words provided, each word will only be used onceCellular respiration, energy, ATP, Glucose, Oxygen, Chemical, stored, heat. Directions: Complete the paragraph below to explain why your body gets warm during a workout. Using the words above When you workout, your cells need ____ for muscle contraction. In order to get this, your body will carry out a process called ____. During this process, _____ (from food) is broken down in the presence of _____ to make the usable form of energy for cells, called ______. This process converts ______ energy from the bonds of food molecules into energy that is _____ (potential energy) in ATP molecules. The process also releases _____ (thermal) energy, which is why you feel warm. Your body carries out this amazing process to fuel your workouts!arrow_forwardHow do both activation energy barriers and enzymes help maintain thestructural and metabolic order of life?arrow_forward
- Explain how cancer cell metabolism is different from normal cell metabolism. Describe how PET scans take advantage of this difference in metabolism to distinguish cancer cells from normal cellsarrow_forwardBasal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the amount of energy your body uses to function at rest in a day. This includes the energy required to keep the heart beating, the lungs breathing, the kidneys functioning, and the body temperature stabilized. Approximately 70 percent of an individual’s energy expenditure goes into basal metabolism. The other 30 percent goes into digestion and absorption of nutrients (10%) and physical movement (about 20%). Calculate your basal metabolic rate in Calories using the appropriate equation here: Females: BMR = 655 + (9.6 × wt(kg)) + (1.8 × ht(cm)) – (4.7 × age(yrs)) Males: BMR = 66 + (13.7 × wt(kg)) + (5 × ht(cm)) – (6.8 × age(yrs)) Calculate how many Calories you burn overall in a day.arrow_forwardHow do cells store and spend energy and is the energy converted into for?arrow_forward
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