Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781305627482
Author: Carlos Coronel, Steven Morris
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6, Problem 10RQ
Explanation of Solution
Anomaly:
- Without normalization, redundancies occur in the table, and it may lead to errors or some sort of inconsistency. These are termed as anomalies.
- Anomalies occur when user wants to update the data in the table.
- There are three types of anomalies. They are,
- Insertion anomaly
- Deletion anomaly
- Modification anomaly
Insertion anomaly:
- Certain attributes cannot be inserted in the
database table without the presence of other attributes and causes the occurrence of insert anomaly. - For example,
- Suppose a student data need to be inserted in the STUDENT database table.
- Student_name and dept are the combination of primary keys in the STUDENT relation.
- The user must enter the values for both the keys. But, this is an anomaly here, because the user can enter only Student_name; the value for dept is unknown to the user until the student joins the department.
Deletion anomaly:
- Deletion of an attribute causes unintended loss of data or inconsistencies in the database and is referred to as deletion anomaly...
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management
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- In the hierarchy of data, what is the difference between a data attribute and a data item? What is the domain of an attribute?arrow_forwardWhat is the benefit of reducing data redundancy through normalization?arrow_forwardIn the context of databases, what is meant by "data normalization" and why is it essential?arrow_forward
- How can latency in service responses be minimized through efficient database indexing?arrow_forwardHow does normalization contribute to data consistency and integrity in a database?arrow_forwardExplain the concept of data anomalies and how normalization helps in minimizing or eliminating insertion, update, and deletion anomalies.arrow_forward
- How does normalization relate to data integrity and maintaining data consistency in a database?arrow_forwardDescribe the sort of data redundancy you found. What are the chances that such redundancies will lead to anomalies in the first place?arrow_forwardWhat are the types of data independence?arrow_forward
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