Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781305627482
Author: Carlos Coronel, Steven Morris
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Expert Solution & Answer
Chapter 6, Problem 1RQ
Explanation of Solution
Normalization:
The process used to minimize data redundancy and dependency in a relational
- The database table is divided into two or more tables and defines the relationship between those tables.
- If the modifications, deletion or updates occur in one table, the other tables in database get updated by just propagating it.
- In a relational database, the tables with no redundant data and less null values are considered as efficient table.
- This is because, having redundant data and more null values increases the storage space and wastage of memory is imminent.
- Null values cause a problem for data integrity and produces more error in the database.
- If the wasted storage space and null values which cause data integrity hazards are minimized, a highly optimized relational database can be designed.
- The project team should consider using normalization when designing the database, which is the best source to optimize data storage efficiently; this is because, it reduces the data storage space and provides data integrity.
- There are three types of normal forms.
- First normal form (1NF)
- Second normal form (2NF)
- Third normal form (3NF)
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Exercise 1 Function and Structure [30 pts]
Please debug the following program and answer the following questions. There is a cycle in a linked
list if some node in the list can be reached again by continuously following the next pointer.
#include
typedef struct node {
int value;
struct node *next;
} node;
int 11_has_cycle (node *first)
if (first
==
node *head =
{
NULL) return 0;
first;
while (head->next != NULL) {
}
if (head
first) {
return 1; }
head = head->next;
return 0;
void test ll_has_cycle () {
int i;
node nodes [6];
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
nodes [i] .next = NULL;
nodes [i].value = i;
}
nodes [0] .next
=
&nodes [1];
nodes [1] .next
=
&nodes [2];
nodes [2] .next
=
&nodes [3];
nodes [3] .next
nodes [4] .next
&nodes [4];
NULL;
nodes [5] .next = &nodes [0];
printf("1. Checking first list for cycles. \n Function 11_has_cycle says it
has s cycle\n\n", 11_has_cycle (&nodes [0])?"a":"no");
printf("2. Checking length-zero list for cycles. \n Function 11_has_cycle
says it has %s…
Chapter 6 Solutions
Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management
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