Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5.3, Problem 13CC
Which is more likely to cross a cell membrane by simple diffusion: a fatty acid molecule or a glucose molecule?
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Crossing a cell membrane by simple diffusion can be distinguished from facilitated
diffusion by which of the following:
Select all that apply.
Simple diffusion moves molecules down a concentration gradient while
facilitated diffusion moves molecules up a concentration gradient
Simple diffusion does not require membrane proteins; facilitated diffusion
requires specific membrane proteins
Simple diffusion does not require energy; facilitated diffusion requires energy
Simple diffusion is not saturable; facilitated diffusion rates are limited by the
number of functional membrane proteins and can be saturated
Below are listed molecules with different chemical characteristics. Knowing that all molecules will eventually diffuse across a phospholipid bilayer, select the list that most accurately predicts the relative rates of diffusion of these molecules (fastest to slowest) across a biological membrane.
alanine, propanol, sodium, estrogen
sodium, propanol, alanine, estrogen
estrogen, propanol, sodium, alanine
estrogen, propanol, alanine, sodium
Which of the following are features of facilitated diffusion? There may be more than one correct answer, select all that apply.
Requires energy
Movement assisted by proteins
Can include passive diffusion
Depends on ATP hydrolysis
Can include ion transport down its concentration gradient in a cell (high to low concentration)
Chapter 5 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 5.1 - If the 58-kg Reference Woman has total body water...Ch. 5.1 - A mother brings her baby to the emergency room...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 6CCCh. 5.1 - Two compartments are separated by a membrane that...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 8CCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 9CCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 10CCCh. 5.3 - If the distance over which a molecule must diffuse...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 12CCCh. 5.3 - Which is more likely to cross a cell membrane by...
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 14CCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 15CCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 16CCCh. 5.4 - Positively charged ions are called _____, and...Ch. 5.4 - Name four functions of membrane proteins.Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 5.4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 5.4 - If a channel is lined with amino acids that have a...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 5.4 - Liver cells (hepatocytes) are able to convert...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 5.5 - What would you call a carrier that moves two...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 26CCCh. 5.5 - Prob. 27CCCh. 5.5 - Name the two membrane protein families associated...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 29CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 30CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 31CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 32CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 33CCCh. 5.7 - Prob. 34CCCh. 5 - Using what you learned about the naming...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 5 - Prob. 1RQCh. 5 - Distinguish between active transport and passive...Ch. 5 - Which of the following processes are examples of...Ch. 5 - List four factors that increase the rate of...Ch. 5 - List the three physical methods by which materials...Ch. 5 - A cotransporter is a protein that moves more than...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7RQCh. 5 - Prob. 8RQCh. 5 - Prob. 9RQCh. 5 - What determines the osmolarity of a solution? In...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11RQCh. 5 - Prob. 12RQCh. 5 - Prob. 13RQCh. 5 - Prob. 14RQCh. 5 - The membrane potential at which the electrical...Ch. 5 - Prob. 16RQCh. 5 - Create a map of transport across cell membranes...Ch. 5 - Draw a large rectangle to represent the total body...Ch. 5 - What factors influence the rate of diffusion...Ch. 5 - Define the following terms and explain how they...Ch. 5 - Prob. 21RQCh. 5 - Prob. 22RQCh. 5 - Prob. 23RQCh. 5 - Prob. 24RQCh. 5 - Prob. 25RQCh. 5 - Prob. 26RQCh. 5 - The following terms have been applied to membrane...Ch. 5 - Prob. 28RQCh. 5 - NaCl is a nonpenetrating solute and urea is a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 30RQCh. 5 - Prob. 31RQCh. 5 - What is the osmolarity of half-normal saline (=...Ch. 5 - Prob. 33RQCh. 5 - Prob. 34RQ
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- The comparison of the simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport are shown in the table below: * Which comparisons are TRUE? Simple Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport I Require ATP Does not require ATP Require ATP II Does not involve a Involve a transport Involve a transport transport protein protein protein From a region of higher III From a region of higher concentrațion of substance to a region of lower concentration of From a region of lower concentration of concentration of substance to a region of lower concentration of substance. substance to a region of higher concentration of substance. substance. O I and II only I and III only O Il and III only O I, Il and IIIarrow_forwardCompare and contrast the following methods of a passing cell membrane in terms of movement with respect to the concentration gradient, use of ATP, and the use of transporters with examples. (Simple) Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion/Passive Transport Osmosis Active Transport Exocytosis Endocytosis (with its 3 subforms)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about diffusion is correct? It is an active process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. It is very rapid over long distances. It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell. It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.arrow_forward
- Given what we know about diffusion / the cell membrane, what is able to diffuse and cannot diffuse across the cell membrane? Why? Must use words: hydrophobic, hydrophilic, ions, uncharged molecules, charged molecules. (Give specific examples for each)arrow_forwardOne of the most important substances to be transported into cells by facilitated diffusion is: water sodium lipid glucosearrow_forwardGlucose is a large molecule that cannot penetrate the phospholipid bilayer of cells. Instead, glucose enters most cells, such as red blood cells, through special carrier proteins embedded in the surface of the plasma membrane. In doing so, glucose moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Based on this information, which term best describes the uptake of glucose by red blood cells? O Facilitated diffusion O Simple diffusion O Active transport O Osmosisarrow_forward
- Which observation would suggest that active transport, rather than diffusion, is responsible for moving a particular substance from the outside of a cell into a cell?arrow_forwardWhich of the following substances can move in and out of the cell via simple diffusion? oxygen water glucose steroids O sodium ionsarrow_forward1) You are studying a transport protein. It appears to bind temporarily to the molecule to be transported. During normal transport, no energy is expended. The addition of a particular molecule that closely resembles the normally transported molecule inhibits transport. An increase in the concentration of the normally transported molecule in the presence of a constant concentration of the inhibitor increases the rate of transport. What kind of transport is described? 2) What are peripheral membrane proteins?arrow_forward
- Match the following terms with the appropriate type of movement across a cell m diffusion active transport facilitated diffusion osmosis endocytosis A membrane-bound vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents inside of the cell membrane lons move through a semi-permeable membrane down their concentration gradien t (high to low) without the use of energy from the cell. Water diffuses freely across a semi-permeable membrane without the use of energy from the cell. A molecule moves against its concentration gradient (low to high) with energy provided by ATP molecules in the cell A membrane-bound vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents inside of the cell membrane A molecule moves down its concentration gradient (high to low) assisted by a carrier protein in the cell membrane without the use ofarrow_forwardDescribe the permeability of cell membranes. How to substances cross cell membranes? Utilize the terms bi-polar, semi-permeable, diffusion, active transport, membrane proteins, endocytosis, exocytosis, vesicles, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, etc. (This should be 3-4 paragraphs long)arrow_forwardWhat do diffusion and osmosis have in common? How are they different from active transport? In the nervous system, where can you find examples of each of these?arrow_forward
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