Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 7RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Transport of molecules across a membrane can be active or passive. Active transport requires energy expenditure, as it transfers the molecules against their concentration gradient. In passive transport, the transfer of molecules takes place along their concentration gradient. So, energy is not required in this process.
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Which of the following characteristics may be used to describe Active Transport?
Select all that apply.
occurs without a transporter protein
requires an energy source
shows saturation kinetics (has a maximum rate)
can occur against a concentration gradient (i.e. uphill)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) exhibits which of the following membrane transport movements?
it can cross the membrane by facilitated diffusion, because it is small, polar, and organic
it can cross the membrane by simple diffusion, because it is small, nonpolar, and inorganic
it cannot cross the membrane by passive transport, because it is large, polar, and organic
it cannot cross the membrane by active transport, because it is large, polar, and inorganic
it can cross the membrane by active transport, because it is large, nonpolar, and organic
Which feature is typical of primary active transport?
The transport protein must cross to the correct side of the membrane before the solute can bind to it.
The transport protein is irreversibly phosphorylated as transport takes place.
The transport protein catalyzes the conversion of ADP to ATP.
The solute moves against the concentration gradient.
A concentration gradient provides the energy to move substances against their concentration gradient
Chapter 5 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 5.1 - If the 58-kg Reference Woman has total body water...Ch. 5.1 - A mother brings her baby to the emergency room...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 6CCCh. 5.1 - Two compartments are separated by a membrane that...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 8CCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 9CCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 10CCCh. 5.3 - If the distance over which a molecule must diffuse...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 12CCCh. 5.3 - Which is more likely to cross a cell membrane by...
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 14CCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 15CCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 16CCCh. 5.4 - Positively charged ions are called _____, and...Ch. 5.4 - Name four functions of membrane proteins.Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 5.4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 5.4 - If a channel is lined with amino acids that have a...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 5.4 - Liver cells (hepatocytes) are able to convert...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 5.5 - What would you call a carrier that moves two...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 26CCCh. 5.5 - Prob. 27CCCh. 5.5 - Name the two membrane protein families associated...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 29CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 30CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 31CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 32CCCh. 5.6 - Prob. 33CCCh. 5.7 - Prob. 34CCCh. 5 - Using what you learned about the naming...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 5 - Prob. 1RQCh. 5 - Distinguish between active transport and passive...Ch. 5 - Which of the following processes are examples of...Ch. 5 - List four factors that increase the rate of...Ch. 5 - List the three physical methods by which materials...Ch. 5 - A cotransporter is a protein that moves more than...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7RQCh. 5 - Prob. 8RQCh. 5 - Prob. 9RQCh. 5 - What determines the osmolarity of a solution? In...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11RQCh. 5 - Prob. 12RQCh. 5 - Prob. 13RQCh. 5 - Prob. 14RQCh. 5 - The membrane potential at which the electrical...Ch. 5 - Prob. 16RQCh. 5 - Create a map of transport across cell membranes...Ch. 5 - Draw a large rectangle to represent the total body...Ch. 5 - What factors influence the rate of diffusion...Ch. 5 - Define the following terms and explain how they...Ch. 5 - Prob. 21RQCh. 5 - Prob. 22RQCh. 5 - Prob. 23RQCh. 5 - Prob. 24RQCh. 5 - Prob. 25RQCh. 5 - Prob. 26RQCh. 5 - The following terms have been applied to membrane...Ch. 5 - Prob. 28RQCh. 5 - NaCl is a nonpenetrating solute and urea is a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 30RQCh. 5 - Prob. 31RQCh. 5 - What is the osmolarity of half-normal saline (=...Ch. 5 - Prob. 33RQCh. 5 - Prob. 34RQ
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- List the means of unassisted membrane transport.arrow_forwardWhich of the following methods of transport is being used to transfer the substance into the cell in the accompanying graph? a. diffusion down a concentration gradient b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. active transport e. vesicular transport f. It is impossible to tell with the information provided.arrow_forwardWhat is another way to answer this question Describe various examples of active transport. How is active transport different from passive transport? Without saying this: Active transport is when cells move against the flow/ concentration gradient, moving from low concentrations to high concentrations. Because of this, active transport requires ATP to work. Passive transport is different because it doesn't use much energy and moves from high concentration to a low concentration. Some examples of active transport are the Sodium-potassium pump ( the most well known one) where it takes sodium ions and pumps them outside of the membrane to let in potassium ions. Another one in plants is when a plant receives ions from the soil. The soil has a much lower concentration of ions than a plants root does, so ions have to move against the concentration gradient. Endocytosis and exocytosis are also forms of active transport. Where cells engulf its self around large molecules to bring…arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true regarding bulk transport? ATP is required to pump molecules against the concentration gradient Bulk transport is an example of passive transport Transport of large quantities of materials ATP changes the shape of a protein channel during active transportarrow_forwardThe energy source for active transport is the hydrolysis ofarrow_forwardDiatomic oxygen (O2) exhibits which of the following membrane transport movements? it is not able to cross the membrane by passive transport, because it is big, polar, and inorganic it is not able to cross the membrane by active transport, because it is big, polar, and inorganic it is able to cross the membrane by facilitated diffusion, because it is small, polar, and organic it is able to cross the membrane by active transport, because it is big, nonpolar, and organic it is able cross the membrane by simple diffusion, because it is small, nonpolar, and inorganicarrow_forward
- Three types of passive transport:arrow_forwardThe transport of a certain molecule exhibits the following characteristics: (1) The molecule moves down its concentration gradient; (2) at concentrations above a given level, there is no increase in the rate of transport; and (3) cellular energy is not required for transport to occur. Which type of transport process is at work?arrow_forwardWhat type of function is performed by SGLT (sodium glucose cotransporter), which uses the energy stored in the high concentration of sodium to move glucose against their concentration gradient? Group of answer choices Simple diffusion Secondary active transport Primary active transport Facilitated diffusionarrow_forward
- In Chapters 11 & 12, the following examples of membrane transport proteins are given. Fill out the table with the correct answer for that particular transport protein. Type of transport protein (channel or carrier/transporter?) K* leak channel glucose transporter bacteriorhodopsin Na-K pump glucose-Na symport Na-H exchanger Performs active or passive transport? Energy source for movement of solute(s) or ion(s) Direction of movement of solute(s) or ion(s) with respect to the electrochemical gradient Na K* Na glucose Na H' Direction of movement of solute(s) or ion(s) with respect to the membrane crossed Na K₁ Na' glucose Na H' Is the protein a uniport, symport, antiport, or none of the above?arrow_forwardThe type of transport shown in this figure is best described by which of the following pairs of terms: Low High High Lowarrow_forwardThe transport of a molecule is investigated using two chambers (left and right) separated by a synthetic membrane containing transport proteins. A solution containing varying concentrations of the molecule is added to the left side while pure water is added to the right. The transport rate of the molecule is determined by measuring the concentration of molecule that accumulates on the right side. The following table summarizes the transport rate of the molecule at various concentrations. Based on this you can conclude: a) the molecule is most likely transported by facilitated diffusion b) the molecule is moving across the membrane by passive transport c) the membrane is freely permeable to the molecule d) the molecule is most likely transported by active transportarrow_forward
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