University Physics Volume 1
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168277
Author: William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher: OpenStax - Rice University
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 97CP
A body of mass
Expert Solution & Answer
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Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
■ Review | Constants
A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol
of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas).
Part A
The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in
temperature.
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AT =
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Part B
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Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while
remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change.
AT =
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Chapter 5 Solutions
University Physics Volume 1
Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding Find the magnitude and...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding A skydiver opens his...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding At the time of its...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding A 550-kg sports car...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding A car gas forces acting...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding For Example 5.8, find the...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding Two blocks are at rest...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding A force of 1150 N acts...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding One end of a 3.0-m rope...Ch. 5 - Check Your Understanding (a) Draw the free-body...
Ch. 5 - What properties do forces have that allow us to...Ch. 5 - Taking a frame attached to Earth as inertial,...Ch. 5 - A woman was transporting an open box of cupcakes...Ch. 5 - Why can we neglect forces such as those holding a...Ch. 5 - A rock is thrown straight up. At the top of the...Ch. 5 - What is the relationship between weight and mass?...Ch. 5 - How much does a 70-kg astronaut weight in space,...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements is accurate? (a)...Ch. 5 - When you stand on Earth, your feet push against it...Ch. 5 - How would you give the value of g in vector form?Ch. 5 - Newton’s Third Law Identity the action and...Ch. 5 - Suppose that you are holding a cup of coffee in...Ch. 5 - (a) Why does an ordinary rifle recoil (kick...Ch. 5 - Common Forces A table is placed on a rug. Then a...Ch. 5 - A particle is moving to the right. (a) Can the...Ch. 5 - Drawing Free-Body Diagrams In completing the...Ch. 5 - If a book is located on a table, how many forces...Ch. 5 - If the book in the previous question is in free...Ch. 5 - Two ropes are attached to a tree, and forces of...Ch. 5 - A telephone pole has three cables pulling as shown...Ch. 5 - Two teenagers are pulling on ropes attached to a...Ch. 5 - Two forces of and act on an object. Find the third...Ch. 5 - While sliding a couch across a floor, Andrea and...Ch. 5 - Newton’s Second Law Andrea, a 63.0-kg sprinter,...Ch. 5 - If the sprinter from the previous problem...Ch. 5 - A cleaner pushes a 4.50-kg laundry cart in such a...Ch. 5 - Astronauts in orbit are apparently weightless....Ch. 5 - In Figure 5.12, the net external force on the...Ch. 5 - The rocket sled shown below decelerates at a rate...Ch. 5 - If the rocket sled shown in the previous problem...Ch. 5 - What is the deceleration of the rocket sled if it...Ch. 5 - Suppose two children push horizontally, but in...Ch. 5 - A powerful motorcycle can produce an acceleration...Ch. 5 - A car with a mass of 1000.0 kg accelerates from 0...Ch. 5 - The driver in the previous problem applies the...Ch. 5 - An 80.0-kg passenger in an SUV traveling at...Ch. 5 - A particle of mass 2.0 kg is acted on by a single...Ch. 5 - Suppose that the particle of the previous problem...Ch. 5 - Find the acceleration of the body of mass 5.0 kg...Ch. 5 - In the following figure, the horizontal surface on...Ch. 5 - Mass and Weight The weight of an astronaut plus...Ch. 5 - Suppose the mass of a fully loaded module in which...Ch. 5 - A rocket sled accelerates at a rate of 49.0m/s2 ....Ch. 5 - Repeat the previous problem for a situation in...Ch. 5 - A body of mass 2.00 kg is pushed straight upward...Ch. 5 - A car weighing 12,500 N stalls from rest and...Ch. 5 - A body with a mass of 10.0 kg is assumed to be in...Ch. 5 - A fireman has mass m ; he hears the fire alarm and...Ch. 5 - A baseball catcher is performing a stunt for a...Ch. 5 - When the Moon is directly overhead at sunset, the...Ch. 5 - (a) What net external force is exerted on a...Ch. 5 - A brave but inadequate rugby player is being...Ch. 5 - A history book is lying on top of a physics book...Ch. 5 - A truck collides with a car, and during the...Ch. 5 - Common Forces A leg is suspended in a traction...Ch. 5 - Suppose the shinbone in the preceding image was a...Ch. 5 - Two teams of nine members each engage in...Ch. 5 - What force does a trampoline have to apply to...Ch. 5 - (a) Calculate the tension in a vertical strand of...Ch. 5 - Suppose Kevin, a 60.0-kg gymnast, climbs a rope....Ch. 5 - Show that, as explained in the text, a force F...Ch. 5 - Consider Figure 5.28. The driver attempts to get...Ch. 5 - A bird has a mass of 26g and perches in the middle...Ch. 5 - -m rope is tied to a tree; the other end is tied...Ch. 5 - Consider the baby being weighed in the following...Ch. 5 - What force must be applied to a 100.0-kg crate on...Ch. 5 - A 2.0-kg block is on a perfectly smooth ramp that...Ch. 5 - Drawing Free-Body Diagrams A ball of mass m hangs...Ch. 5 - A car moves along a horizontal road. Draw a free-...Ch. 5 - A runner pushes against the track, as shown. (a)...Ch. 5 - The traffic light hangs from the cables as shown....Ch. 5 - Two small forces, F1=2.40i6.10tj N and...Ch. 5 - Two forces of 25 and 45 N act on an object. Their...Ch. 5 - A force of 1600 N acts parallel to a ramp to push...Ch. 5 - Draw a free-body diagram of a diver who has...Ch. 5 - For a swimmer who has just jumped off a diving...Ch. 5 - (a) Find an equation to determine the magnitude of...Ch. 5 - A sailboat has a mass of 1.50103kg and is acted on...Ch. 5 - Find the acceleration of the body of mass 10.0 kg...Ch. 5 - A body of mass 2.0 kg is moving along the x -axis...Ch. 5 - Force FBhas twice the magnitude of force FA. Find...Ch. 5 - Shown below is a body of mass 1.0 kg under the...Ch. 5 - A force acts on a car of mass m so that the speed...Ch. 5 - A 7.0-N force parallel to an incline is applied to...Ch. 5 - Two boxes, A and B, are at rest Box A is on level...Ch. 5 - A mass of 250.0 g is suspended from a spring...Ch. 5 - As shown below, two identical springs, each with...Ch. 5 - Shown below is a 30.0-kg block resting on a...Ch. 5 - In building a house, carpenters use nails from a...Ch. 5 - A force is applied to a block to move it up a 30...Ch. 5 - Two forces are applied to a 5.0-kg object, and it...Ch. 5 - The block on the tight shown below has more mass...Ch. 5 - If two tugboats pull on a disabled vessel, as...Ch. 5 - A 10.0-kg object is initially moving east at 15.0...Ch. 5 - On June 25, 1983, shot-putter Udo Beyer of East...Ch. 5 - A body of mass m moves in a horizontal direction...Ch. 5 - A body of mass m has initial velocity v0 in the...Ch. 5 - The velocities of a 3.0-kg object at and are and...Ch. 5 - A 120-kg astronaut is riding in a rocket sled that...Ch. 5 - Two forces are acting on a 5.0-kg object that...Ch. 5 - Suppose that you are viewing a soccer game from a...Ch. 5 - A 10.0-kg mass hangs from a spring that has the...Ch. 5 - A 0.0502-kg pair of fuzzy dice is attached to the...Ch. 5 - At a circus, a donkey pulls on a sled carrying a...Ch. 5 - Hanging from the ceiling over a baby bed, well out...Ch. 5 - A bullet shot from a rifle has mass of 10.0 g and...Ch. 5 - An object is acted on by three simultaneous...Ch. 5 - In a particle accelerator, a proton has mass...Ch. 5 - A drone is being directed across a frictionless...
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